Main Sequence

Question 1

Approximate time it takes for a star to radiate all kinetic energy at current luminosity

Answer 1

Kelvin-Helmholtz timescale

Question 2

Ordinary matter made up of two fundamental types of elementary particles

Answer 2

Quarks and leptons

Question 3

Protons and neutrons made up of quarks called…

Answer 3

Hadrons

Question 4

3 bound quarks

Answer 4

Baryons

Question 5

2 bound quarks

Answer 5

Mesons

Question 6

Quarks and leptons interact via which four fundamental forces?

Answer 6

Strong, electromagnetic, weak, and gravity

Question 7

4 fundamental forces mediated by…

Answer 7

Bosons

Question 8

Principle would not allow a baryon to have 2 quarks in the same state

Answer 8

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Question 9

Particles with opposite charge, baryon, and lepton number

Answer 9

Antiparticles

Question 10

Antiparticle counterpart to an electron

Answer 10

Positron

Question 11

Protons and neutrons are bound by____(atomic nucleus)

Answer 11

Strong force

Question 12

When protons and neutrons interact via weak force

Answer 12

Beta decay

Question 13

Same # protons but different sum of protons and neutrons

Answer 13

Isotopes

Question 14

Energy that hold nucleus together

Answer 14

Binding energy

Question 15

Merge light nuclei–>more tightly bound–>energy released

Answer 15

Fusion

Question 16

Reaction that emits alpha, beta, or gamma particles

Answer 16

Decay reactions

Question 17

He-4 nucleus

Answer 17

Alpha particle

Question 18

High energy photon

Answer 18

Gamma ray

Question 19

electron or positron

Answer 19

Beta particle

Question 20

The splitting of a nucleus into two smaller parts

Answer 20

Fission

Question 21

Merger of light nucleus, results in tightly bound nucleus

Answer 21

Fusion

Question 22

Most important reaction within the sun

Answer 22

Fusing of 4 hydrogen nuclei to 1 helium nuclei

Question 23

Nuclei must have enough ______to overcome the Coulomb potential (coulomb holds nucleus)

Answer 23

Kinetic energy

Question 24

Momentum accuracy =greater uncertainty in position

Answer 24

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

Question 25

Main sequence start characteristic

Answer 25

Stably burning H in its core

Question 26

High neutron flux

Answer 26

R-process

Question 27

Low neutron flux

Answer 27

S-process

Question 28

Thermonuclear reactions are also called

Answer 28

Burning

Question 29

The line connecting set of points where stars first appear on the main sequence

Answer 29

Zero-age main sequence

Question 30

Weight of each layer supported by pressure across each layer

Answer 30

Hydrostatic equilibrium

Question 31

When atoms collide with nearby atoms and transports energy

Answer 31

Conduction

Question 32

Hot parcels rise, cool parcels fall (in fluid)

Answer 32

Convection

Question 33

Photons scatter and are absorbed by ions and atoms

Answer 33

Radiative transport

Question 34

Star’s structure is governed by…

Answer 34

Mass continuity

Question 35

Photons carry energy outward through absorption and re-emission

Answer 35

Energy transfer