Main Points

Question 1

What classes of drugs increase QT interval?

Answer 1

Macrolides

Fluoroquinolones

Question 2

What are the major side effects of Fluoroquinolones?

Answer 2

QT interval

Cartilage erosion

Tendon rupture

Photosensitivity

Question 3

What drug classes cause photosensitivity?

Answer 3

Fluoroquinolones

Tetracyclines

Sulfa

Question 4

What drug is indicated for prostatitis?

Answer 4

Ofloxacin

Question 5

What is the spectrum of metronidazole?

Answer 5

Anaerobes only

Question 6

What drugs are contraindicated in patients with G6PDase deficiency?

Answer 6

Sulfa drugs

Nitrofurantoin

(Both can cause aplastic anemia

Question 7

What are the side effects of Sulfa drugs?

Answer 7

Aplastic anemia if you are G6PDase deficient

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

Photosensitivity

Hypersensitivity-6% of population

Question 8

What drug class is contraindicated for kids under 8

Answer 8

Tetracycline

Question 9

What drug class is contraindicated in patients under 18?

Answer 9

Fluoroquinolones

Question 10

What drug class is contraindicated for babies under 2 months of age?

Answer 10

Sulfa

Question 11

What drugs should be used for UTIs (In order)

Answer 11

Bactrim (1st attack)

Ciprofloxacin

Fosfomycin

Nitrofurantoin

Methenamine

Question 12

What drug classes bind to the 30s subunit?

Answer 12

Aminoglycosides

Tetracyclines

Tigecycline

Question 13

What are the side effects of tetracyclines?

Answer 13

Gut flora changes

Bone growth inhibition

Tooth discoloration

Photosensitivity

Question 14

What drugs do you have to stop taking multivitamins, calcium supplements and antacids for?

Answer 14

Tetracyclines

Fluoroquinolones

Question 15

What drugs have a disulfiram-like reaction?

Answer 15

Cephalosporins

Metronidazole

Question 16

What are the side effects of cephalosporins?

Answer 16

FUCKS UP KIDNEYS (renal tubular necrosis)

Superinfection

Disulfiram-like reaction

Allergy- 10% cross reactivity with PCN allergy

Diarrhea

Question 17

What organisms are resistant to tetracyclines?

Answer 17

Psuedomonas

Proteus

B. Fragilis

Question 18

What are the fluoroquinolones and what are they for?

Answer 18

Ciprofloxacin- UTI, psuedomonas

Ofloxacin- prostate

Levofloxacin- Community acquire pneumonia

Moxifloxacin- anaerobes

Gatifloxacin- eyes

Gemifloxacin- anaerobes

Question 19

Does aztreonam cover pseudomonas?

Answer 19

Yes

Question 20

Do imipenem and meropenem cover pseudomonas?

Answer 20

Yes (in combo with aminoglycoside)

Question 21

Do aminoglycosides cover pseudomonas?

Answer 21

Yes, gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin.

Always in a combo

Question 22

Does ciprofloxacin cover psuedomonas?

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

Does methenamine cover pseudomonas?

Answer 23

Yes

Question 24

What are the inhibitors of protein synthesis that are cidal

Answer 24

Aminoglycosides

Synercid

Question 25

What are the DOCs for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?

Answer 25

Doxycycline Chloramphenicol

Question 26

What are the DOCs for Lyme disease?

Answer 26

Tetracycline Ceftriaxone

Question 27

What are the side effects of aminoglycosides?

Answer 27

Ototoxicity Nephrotoxicity

Question 28

What is the spectrum of fluoroquinolones?

Answer 28

Ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, and gatifloxacin cover aerobes Moxifloxacin and gemifloxacin cover anaerobes

Question 29

What is the spectrum of aminoglycosides?

Answer 29

Aerobic G-

Question 30

What is the spectrum of macrolides?

Answer 30

Same as Penicillin G G+....which makes it a great choice for someone with a PCN allergy as long as they are immunocompetent

Question 31

What is the spectrum of telithromycin

Answer 31

Broad spectrum

Question 32

What is the spectrum of mupirocin?

Answer 32

Broad spectrum

Question 33

What is the spectrum of the polypeptides (polymyxin)

Answer 33

G-

Question 34

What is the spectrum of Clindamycin?

Answer 34

Broad spectrum -used for osteomyelitis and TSS

Question 35

What is the spectrum of sulfa drugs?

Answer 35

Broad spectrum

Question 36

What is the spectrum of daptomycin?

Answer 36

G+

Question 37

What is the spectrum of synercid?

Answer 37

Multi drug-resistant aerobic G+

Question 38

What is the spectrum of linezolid?

Answer 38

Aerobic G+

Question 39

What is the spectrum of chloramphenicol?

Answer 39

Broad spectrum | But super toxic

Question 40

What is the spectrum of tetracyclines?

Answer 40

Broad spectrum | Except pseudomonas, proteus, and b.fragilis

Question 41

What is the spectrum of tigecycline?

Answer 41

Broad spectrum

Question 42

What is the spectrum of 1st gen cephalosporins?

Answer 42

Mostly G+ some G-

Question 43

What is the spectrum of 2nd gen cephalosporins

Answer 43

some G+, more G-

Question 44

What is the spectrum of 3rd gen cephalosporins?

Answer 44

G+/G- - - plus Ceftazidime will do pseudomonas

Question 45

What is the spectrum of 4th gen cephalosporins (cefapime)

Answer 45

Very broad spectrum

Question 46

What is the spectrum of 5th gen cephalosporins (ceftaroline)

Answer 46

Broad spectrum No pseudomonas MRSA and VRSA***** (only B-lactam)

Question 47

What is the spectrum of aztreonam?

Answer 47

Aerobic G-

Question 48

What is the spectrum of carbapenems?

Answer 48

Broad spectrum Pseudomonas, except for ertapenem

Question 49

What is the spectrum of vancomycin?

Answer 49

G+

Question 50

What is the spectrum of fosfomycin?

Answer 50

Broad spectrum

Question 51

What is fosfomycins mechanism of action?

Answer 51

Inhibits one of the very first steps of cell wall synthesis, which is reducing NAG to NAM.

Question 52

What is fosfomycin used for?

Answer 52

Lower UTI in women after Bactrim or Cipro has been tried

Question 53

What is the spectrum of bacitracin?

Answer 53

G+

Question 54

What is the spectrum of natural penicillins?

Answer 54

G+

Question 55

What is the spectrum of penicillinase-resistant penicillins?

Answer 55

G+/G- MSSA

Question 56

What is the spectrum of extended spectrum penicillins?

Answer 56

G+/G- - No pseudomonas

Question 57

What is the spectrum of antipseudomonal penicillins?

Answer 57

G+/G- - - Pseudomonas

Question 58

What is the spectrum of nitrofurantoin?

Answer 58

Broad spectrum No proteus or pseudomonas

Question 59

What is the spectrum of methenamine?

Answer 59

All bacteria

Question 60

Are aminoglycosides oral?

Answer 60

No, always parenteral

Question 61

Are aminoglycosides given alone?

Answer 61

No, always in combo with other drugs.

Question 62

What drugs are unsafe for pregnant women?

Answer 62

Nitrofurantoin Sulfa Fluoroquinolones Bactrim Tetracyclines

Question 63

What drug classes bind to the 50s protein?

Answer 63

Macrolides Ketolides (telithromycin) Clindamycin Synercid Linezolid Chloramphenicol

Question 64

Is chloramphenicol static or cidal?

Answer 64

Static It is an inhibitor of protein synthesis

Question 65

What are the classes that inhibit cell wall synthesis?

Answer 65

Penicillins Cephalosporins Carbapenems Monobactams (aztreonam) Vancomycin Fosfomycin Bacitracin

Question 66

Which macrolide has the lowest drug interaction potential?

Answer 66

Azithromycin

Question 67

Which macrolide has the highest potential for GI effects?

Answer 67

Erythromycin

Question 68

Which macrolide has the least potential for GI effects?

Answer 68

Clarithromycin

Question 69

Which macrolide has the most effect on QT interval?

Answer 69

Azithromycin

Question 70

Is Bactrim cidal?

Answer 70

It is static, except for in the urinary tract, where it is cidal

Question 71

Is imipinem cidal?

Answer 71

Yes it is a carbapenems, an ICWS

Question 72

Is fosfomycin cidal?

Answer 72

Yes, it inhibits cell wall synthesis at a very early step (turning NAG to NAM)

Question 73

What drug is used for anthrax prophylaxis?

Answer 73

Ciprofloxacin | Poor post man might rupture his tendon walking around delivering mail