Main group & life Flashcards
1
Q
Ammonia
A
- NH3
- Produced through the Haber process
- N2 + 3H2 –> 2NH3
- Used in fertilisers, explosives, polymers (nylon)
- higher m.p than other group 15 hydrides due to hydrogen bonding
2
Q
Nitrogen oxides
A
- features of urban smog and acid rain
- NO free radical plays a role in blood clotting and blood pressure control
- N2O2, nitrous oxide, used as mild anaesthetic in dentistry
3
Q
Nitrogen in biology
A
- in all 22 natural amino acids which make up important proteins
- nitrogen cycle shows uses of N
- plants make proteins from nitrates
4
Q
Phosphate linking
A
- P can link by sharing O corners in PO4^3-
5
Q
Phosphorous in energy
A
- energy of food oxidation is used to produce ATP that is used as a cellular fuel
6
Q
Phosphorous role in DNA
A
DNA contains a phosphate backbone
7
Q
Bones and teeth
A
- complex structure
- collagen protein forms semi-flexible rod like scaffolding
8
Q
Iron in human biology
A
- core of haemoglobin along with haeme b and cysteine
- Hb binds oxygen and transports it around the body
9
Q
Zinc in human biology
A
- essential dietary element
- critical to folding zinc finger proteins - recognise DNA - regulate gene transcription
- stabilise insulin in solution
- component of many barrier creams
10
Q
Cobalt in human bio
A
- central atom of Vitamin B12
- essential to function of animals for DNA synthesis, amino acid metabolism, myelin synthesis etc.
11
Q
Copper in human bio
A
- essential trace element
- copper dependent enzymes
- cu binding tripeptide involved in wound healing
12
Q
Element in anti cancer drugs
A
platinum
- compound binds to DNA and interferes with DNA replication
13
Q
MRI contrast agents
A
- Gadolinium (III)
- only use if chelated (H2O ligand attached)
- very toxic ion
