Magnetic forces and fields

Question 1

What is a magnet?

Answer 1

A magnet is anything capable of producing a magnetic field. Magents are influence by external magnetic fields.

Question 2

What are the two types of magnets?

Answer 2

Permanent magnets and electromagnets

Question 3

What is a permanent magnet?

Answer 3

A permanent magnet(bar magnets) is formed by ferromagnetic substances such as iron, nickel, cobalt, and iron alloys

Question 4

What is a pole?

Answer 4

A region where a bar magnet has the greatest influence on other magnets. Every magnet is bipolar meaning it has a Botha dn South Pole. Bar magnets are often referred to as magnetic dipoles.

Question 5

What is the Law of Magnetism?

Answer 5

Like poles repel and opposite poles attract

Question 6

Magnetic dipoles tend to align with ___________________.

Answer 6

the direction of the external magnetic field.

Question 7

What is the domain theory of Magnetism?

Answer 7

All ferromagnetic substances are made up of tiny, magnetic domains. Each domain behaves like a tiny bar magnet.

Question 8

In what direction will the tip of a compass needle always point towards?

Answer 8

The tip of the compass needle will point towards the south magnetic pole(north geographic pole)

Question 9

What is an unmagnetized state?

Answer 9

Domains are randomly oriented and the combined magnetic effects cancel each other off.

Question 10

What is a magnetized state?

Answer 10

When placed in an external magnetic field, the domains will align themselves with the magnetic field. This process if called induced magnetization.

Question 11

What did Hans Oersted accidentally discover?

Answer 11

A relationship between electricity and magnetism.

Question 12

What are electromagnets?

Answer 12

Electromagnets produce magnetic fields as a result of movingg charges through conducting wires. Each individual moving charge generates a magnetic field around itself.

Question 13

Which hand rule is applied to straight current carrying wires?

Answer 13

first hand rule

Question 14

For the first hand rule, what does thumb represent.

Answer 14

Thumb points in direction of current

Question 15

For the first hand rule, what does thumb represent.

Answer 15

Thumb points in direction of current`

Question 16

What is the second hand rule applied for?

Answer 16

Loops or coils of a wire.

Question 17

How can the magnetic field intensity inside of a solenoid be increased(3 ways)?

Answer 17

1. Increasing the number of loops within a specific region
2. Increasing the current through the wire(such as hooking up a stronger battery or using a material with higher conductivity and less resistance)
3. Placing a ferromagnetic core inside the solenoid

Question 18

What is a magnetic deflecting force?

Answer 18

When the magnetic field of a moving charge interacts with an external magnetic field, the charge is subject to a deflecting magnetic force.

Question 19

For the third hand rule what does your thumb, finger, and palm represent?

Answer 19

Fingers: external magnetic field
Thumb: velocity of the particle
Palm: magnetic force

Question 20

What is 1T equal to?

Answer 20

1.0 kg/Cs

Question 21

What is the purpose of the mass spectrometer?

Answer 21

Separates charged particles according to their masses

Question 22

What is an isotope?

Answer 22

Same number of protons and different number of neutrons. Number beside the isotope indicates the number of protons and neutrons combined.

Question 23

What are the 4 stages of the mass spectrometer?

Answer 23

1. Ion source
2. Accelerator
3. Velocity selctor
4. Detection chamber

Question 24

What does the ion source do?

Answer 24

Heats up the sample and breaks it into smaller fragments. It also ionizes each fragment by removing some electrons

Question 25

What does the accelerator do?

Answer 25

High voltage parallel plates accelerate a beam of ions into the velocity selector?

Question 26

What does a velocity selector do?

Answer 26

velocity selector only allows one type of ion with a specific charge, mass, and speed to pass through. Has crosses electric and magnetic fields inside which are arranged perpendicular to one another

Question 27

What does the detection chamber do?

Answer 27

• Magnetic field deflects ions in a. circular path(note: there is no electric field)
• Ion detector marks point where ion contacts the detector plate
• Mass of isotope found from radius of circular path

Question 28

What are van allen radiation belts?

Answer 28

When a charged particle enters a large magnetic field at an angle between 0 and 90 degrees, the particles will spiral along the field lines towards the poles. Collisions between charged particles from the sun and atmospheric gases creates the northern and southern lights.