Magna Carta 1215 Flashcards
Medieval society was built on the…
feudal system
What was the Great Council?
barons would meet and discuss their views and concerns
Who was king before the Magna Carta?
King John
Who did King John argue with?
Pope Innocent II
Why was King John reluctant to appoint Langton as Archbishop of Canterbury (AoC)?
as he supported the Pope
How did the Pope react/ retaliate to King John’s disapproval of appointing Langton as AoC?
-placed England under Interdict in 1208
-excommunicated John in 1209
What was scutage?
tax paid by Barons
How many times did John impose Scutage since 1199?
11 times
What nicknames were King John given due to his poor records in battles (e.g. losing land in France)?
-softsword
-lackland
Why did the Barons act against John?
-breakdown in relations between the King and the Church
-high scutage payments
Who led the Barons army?
Robert Fitzwalter
Where did the Barons army go to?
occupy London
Where did John first meet with the rebelling Barons?
Runnymede, near Windsor
What was the Magna Carta?
63 promises that John had to keep
When did John sign the Magna Carta?
15th June 1215
What was Clause 12 of the Magna Carta?
the king must not demand scutage payments or other taxes without the agreement of the bishops and the barons
What was Clause 61?
the barons shall choose 25 barons to make certain the king keeps this charter
Did John stick to the Magna Carta?
NO
When was the First Baron’s War?
1215 - 1217
Where did King John have success during the First Barons War?
Siege of Rochester Castle
When did king John die?
October 1216
Siege of Rochester Castle: how did John fight back?
5 siege engines - consisting of catapults and trebuchets
Who did the Barons use against John in 1216?
French Prince Louis
Who became king after John died?
his 9 year old son Henry (Henry III)
