Madood Flashcards
What are the letters of madd?
- Alif saakina preceded by fatha.
- Waw saakina preceded by dhumma.
- Yaa saakina preceded by kasra.
What is the definition of Madood?
Linguistic: extension
Tajweed: the prolongation of the sound with a letter of madd or leen
What are the letters of leen?
- Waw saakina preceded by fatha.
2. Yaa saakina preceded by fatha.
What is the opposite of madd?
Al Qaser, which means
- Presentation of madd letter without extra prolongation - 2 counts
- One movement timing for leen letters and others - 1 count
What is madd Al Far’ee.
- Subordinate madd.
- Longer duration than madd tabee’e.
- Madd due to a reason, either hamza or sukoon.
What is Madd Muttasil?
Type of madd Far'ee Due to hamza Hamza after madd Hamza and madd letter present in one word Hukm: Wajib 4/5 counts
http://corpus.quran.com/wordmorphology.jsp?location=(2:5:6)
What is madd munfasil?
Type of madd Far’ee
Due to hamza
Hamza after madd
Presence of madd in one word and hamza in next word
Hukm: Wajib according to hafs shatibiyya and Jaiz in general
4/5 counts
2 types haqeeqi and hukmi
Hukmi looks like it’s in one word but isn’t and can’t separate the words
What is madd badl?
Type of madd Far’ee
Due to hamza
Hamza BEFORE madd letter
Hukm: Jaiz
2 counts
What is madd lazim?
Madd Lazim is a type of madd Far'ee Reason due to sukoon Present in wasl and waqf Hukm: lazim 6 counts (All scholars agree)
Reason - presence of 2 saakina together
What is the reason for madd lazim?
Reason - presence of 2 saakina together
What are the types of madd lazim?
Harfi
Kalmi
What is the obligation for madd mutasil?
WAJIB
Special for Madd Mutasil. There is no disagreement between the Tajweed scholars in this Madd but they have different opinions in its duration
What is the obligation for madd munfasil?
Wajib according to hafs shatibiyya
Jaiz in general
What are the types of madd munfasil?
Haqeeqi - hamza and madd are separated in writing.
Hukmi - hamza and madd appear together in writing. It is not allowed to separate the hamza and madd in pronunciation.
What is Muthaqal?
Muthaqal = a heavy sukoon in pronunciation. A letter with original sukoon has merged into the letter after it (with shaddah)
What is Mukhafaf?
Mukhafaf = a light sukoon in pronunciation. A letter with original sukoon has NOT merged into the letter after it.
What is madd Faraq?
The Differentiating Madd
This is when a questioning hamzah (همزة الإستفهام) enters into a hamzat wasl
.in nouns )همزة الوصل(
The Hamzat Wasl is changed (تبدل) into a letter of Madd
What are other names for madd letters?
‘Huruf Jaufiyya’ (جوفية ) because their Makhraj is Al Jauf.
‘Huruf Hawaiyya’ (هوائية) because there is air in the mouth during pronunciation.
‘Huruf Khafiyya’ (خفية) because their pronunciation is hidden (alif being the most hidden).
What is madd tabee’e?
It is the Madd without which the Madd Letter (timing) cannot exist It does not occur due to a reason
One of the 3 Madd Letters must occur in the word
The duration is 2 counts
It is called natural الطبيعىbecause a person with natural measure will not increase or decrease its duration of time
It is called original الاصلىbecause it is the origin of all kinds of Madd
What is Madd At Tabee’ee Harfi?
It is found in Huruf Muqata’aat (letters at beginning of some surahs) It is pronounced with 2 letters, the second letter is the Madd letter
These letters are collected in the saying { حي طهر} & are 2 counts
What is Madd At Tabee’ee Kalmi?
Types
7 Alifs, Silah Sughra, Madd Tamkeen, Madd ‘Ewad
What are the 7 alifs?
There are 7 words found in the Qur’an where Alif Madd is pronounced in waqf only and is cancelled in wasl.
ana found in many places
lakina 38:الكهف
as sabeela, ar rasoola
الإنسان } قواريرا salaasila
Al dhunoona, الأحزاب
It is a type of madd tabee’e kalmi
What is madd Silah sugrah?
This Madd is special for the male pronoun (ها الكناية). The Madd is pronounced in wasl & not waqf
It is a type of madd tabee’e kalmi
What is
مد التمكين Madd Tamkeen?
Type of Madd At Tabee’ee Kalmi
This Madd is the meeting of:
Waw Maddiyah + Waw with harakah Or Ya Maddiyah + Ya with harakah
This ‘meeting’ occurs in 3 situations:
Ya Madd preceded by Ya Mushadad with kasra
Ya Madd followed by Ya Mutaharik OR Waw Madd followed by Waw Mutaharik
Waw Madd preceded by Waw with Dhamma OR Ya Madd preceded by Ya with Kasra
What is madd Ewad?
This Madd is ‘The Substitute Madd’ special fat-ha tanween. The fat-ha tanween is changed (إبدال) into alif madd in stopping (waqf).
It is wajib to give the alif 2 counts timing in stopping (waqf).
Examples:
Tanween with written alif: Tanween with NO written alif:
There are 2 places where Tanween is found in VERBS – the same rule of Madd ‘Ewad applies in waqf.
There is no Madd ‘Ewad for words ending in ta marboota – stopping is with ha saakinah.
