macronutrients test

Question 1

The names of the 3 macronutrients

Answer 1

Carbohydrates, fats and protein

Question 2

Functions of carbohydrate in the body

Answer 2

provide energy and dietary fibre

Question 3

The two main groups of carbohydrates and examples of each group

Answer 3

simple (honey and chocolate)

complex (bread and pasta)

Question 4

Definition of dietary fibre and fibre’s importance in our diet

Answer 4

Dietary fibre is the indigestible part of plant foods. helps maintain bowel health and lowers cholesterol

Question 5

Explain soluble and insoluble fibre and what they do in our bodies

Answer 5

Soluble fibre- the digestible fibrous parts of the plant (Insoluble fibre can help promote bowel health and regularity)

Insoluble fibre- the indigestible fibrous parts of the plant (Soluble fibre may reduce blood cholesterol and sugar)

Question 6

Food sources of carbohydrate

Answer 6

oats, bread and beans and pasta

Question 7

Proteins: what are they made up of?

Answer 7

chains of amino acids

Question 8

Essential and non-essential amino acids

Answer 8

Essential amino acids are amino acids our body can’t produce so they come from our diet, the food we eat. Non-essential amino acids do not need to come from our diet because they are in the body

Question 9

The difference between complete and incomplete proteins and examples of each type

Answer 9

Complete proteins are foods that contain 9 essential amino acids- fish and eggs.

Incomplete proteins are food that contains less than the 9 essential amino acids- legumes and nuts.

Question 10

Functions of proteins in the body

Answer 10

• Growth and maintenance of tissue
• Helps aid enzymes that help with digestion, blood clotting
• a secondary source of energy

Question 11

Protein as a secondary source of energy

Answer 11

Protein is reoffered to as a secondary source of energy because it is only used when your carbohydrates are low.

Question 12

Functions of fats and oils in our diet

Answer 12

Fats and oils provide soluble vitamins A, D, E, K, which help protect our organs.

Question 13

Name the four main types of fats

Answer 13

Trans fat
Saturated
Monounsaturated
Polyunsaturated

Question 14

Saturated fat can be a health problem – why?

Answer 14

Having too much-saturated fat can cause cholesterol to build up which can cause blockage in your arteries.

Question 15

Examples of saturated fats; polyunsaturated fats

Answer 15

saturated- Milk, Butter

Polyunsaturated- Salmon and Seeds

Question 16

Health benefits of eating Omega 3 fats

Answer 16

Omega 3 They also keep the immune system healthy and lower the risk of heart disease in adults

Question 17

The energy supplied per gram of carbohydrates, fats and oils and protein

Answer 17

fat and oils- 37kj of energy per 1 gram
Carbohydrates- 16kj of energy per 1 gram
Protein- 17kj of energy per 1 gram