macronutrients Flashcards
1
Q
list the macronutrients
A
- protein
- fats
- carbs
2
Q
what is the difference between micro and macronutrients?
A
- larger amounts
- essential for growth which micro supports
3
Q
what are the two types of carbs and what do they provide?
A
- simple
- complex:fibre
4
Q
what are carbs compounds of?
A
- carbon
- oxygen
- hydrogen
5
Q
what can carbs be classified as?
A
- monosaccharides
- polysaccharides
- disaccharides
6
Q
how much energy does 1 gram of carbs give?
A
- 3.75kcal
7
Q
where are sugars found?
what are they called?
A
- glucose fructose:fruit and veg
- galactose:lactose
- maltose:grains
- sucrose:sugar
- lactose:milk
8
Q
lactose isn’t bound…
A
- to the cellular structure of food
9
Q
where are starchy carbs found?
what are they called?
A
- starch:grains
- pectin:jam
- dextrin:toast
- fibre:oats
10
Q
why is protein needed?
A
- growth and repair
- healthy cells
11
Q
how much energy does 1 gram of protein give?
A
- 4kcal
12
Q
what is the structure of protein?
A
- building blocks
- amino acids
13
Q
what is the different sources of protein?
what do they contain?
A
- animal sources: full range of essential amino acids
- plant sources: fewer
14
Q
what does fat do?
why is it needed?
A
- provides soluble A,D,E,K
- absorption
- essential fatty acids body can’t make
15
Q
how much energy does 1 gram of fat give?
A
- 9kcal
