Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio Macromolecules > Macromolecules Test > Flashcards

Macromolecules Test Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the four major groups of macro-molecules found in in living organisms?

A

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Polymers of polysaccharides, nucleic acids, and proteins are all synthesized from monomers of which process?

A

Dehydration reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Summarize the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis.

A

Dehydration reactions remove water, where hydrolysis adds water. Dehydration -> Monomers link to form polymers Hydrolysis -> Breaks down large molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A certain carbohydrate is composed of two glucose molecules. The formula for each glucose molecule is C6H12O6. What is the formula for the resulting carbohydrate?

A

C12H24O12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

If 128 molecules of the general type shown in the figure below were conveniently joined together in sequence, the single molecule that would result would be a:

A

Starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Consider a polysaccharide consisting of 576 glucose molecules. The total hydrolysis of the polysaccharide would result in the formation of how many glucose molecules?

A

575

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lactose, a sugar in milk, is composed of one glucose molecule joined by a glycosidic linkage to one galactose molecule. How is lactose classified?

A

Disaccharide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the four polysaccharides listed in your notes?

A

Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose, and Chitin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Starch and glucose are both polymers of _____.

A

Glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is cellulose a major structural component of?

A

Beta Glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why can’t humans digest cellulose?

A

We lack the enzyme.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Lipids are ____ in water.

A

Not soluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Lipids are an important component of cell _____.

A

membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lipids store ____ as much energy as _____.

A

Twice;Polysaccharide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Saturated fatty acids have a ____ ratio of hydrogen to carbon than do unsaturated fatty acids.

A

higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why do the 20 different amino acids found in polypeptides exhibit different chemical and physical properties?

A

Because they have a unique side chain that changes with each different amino acid

17
Q

Draw a peptide bond:

A

O H
ll l
C - C - N - C

18
Q

How are polysaccharides, nucleic acids, and proteins similar?

A

Their polymers are joined by dehydration reactions

19
Q

What compounds do dehydration reactions form?

A

Trigylcerides, polysaccharides, and proteins

20
Q

If a particular protein contained 356 amino acids, how many peptide bonds are present in the protein?

A

355 peptide bonds are present

21
Q

What are R groups and how do they affect amino acids?

A

They are side chains and they are the variable part of the amino acid

22
Q

What is denaturation?

A

When the protein changes its composition

23
Q

What three parts compose a nucleotide?

A

5 carbon sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogen base

24
Q

What are the 2 families of nitrogen bases of a nucleotide?

A

Purine and Pyrimidine

25
Q

Members of the pyrimidine family are ____ and ____.

A

thymine and cytosine

26
Q

Members of the purine family are ____ and ____.

A

Adenine and guanine

27
Q

What is the following molecule structure? (No bends in chain)

A

Saturated fatty acid

28
Q

What is the following molecule structure? (Slight bend in chain)

A

Unsaturated fatty acid

29
Q

What is the following molecule structure? (Ex. Cholesterol)

A

Steroid

30
Q

What are the four protein shapes?

A

Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary

31
Q

What is the first protein shape and its bond?

A

Primary; peptide bond

32
Q

What is the second protein shape and its bond?

A

Secondary; hydrogen bond

33
Q

What is the third protein shape and its bond?

A

Tertiary; hydrogen bonds

34
Q

What is the fourth protein shape and its bond?

A

Quaternary; hydrogen bonds

Bio Macromolecules (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions