Macromolecules Flashcards
Cellulose belong to which one of the following macromolecules? A)Lipids B)Carbohydrates C)Proteins D)Nucleic Acids
B) Carbohydrates
What structural level is represented by the coiling of the protein chain backbone into an alpha-helix? A)Primary Structure B)Secondary Structure C)Tertiary Structure D) Quaternary Structure
B) Secondary Structure
Sucrose is a ______.
Disaccharide
Which of the following is incorrectly matched?
A)amino acid; protein
B)monosaccharide; carbohydrate
C)nucleotide; nucleic acid
D)glucose; lipids
D) glucose; Lipids
What is the primary structure of protein?
It is important for determining the secondary and tertiary structure of a protein; it is the sequence of amino acids from one end of protein to another; it is the linear sequence of amino acids that are linked together by peptide bonds
The genetic information is coded in DNA by the ______.
Sequence of the nucleotides
T or F:
Water is added to join the monomers of macromolecules.
False, water is dehydrated or condensed.
All of the following are examples of biological macromolecules except? A)Glycogen B)Cellulose C)Amino Acid D)Starch
C) Amino Acid
Which of the following is not a structural polysaccharide? A)Cellulose B)Chitin C)Glycogen D)All are polysaccharides
C) Glycogen
T or F:
Phospholipids are amphipathic.
True
Amino acids joining together to make a peptide by: A)Peptide Bond B)Ionic Bond C)Covalent Bond D)Two of the above
D)Two of the above
Which one of the following is not one of the six classes of lipids? A)Pectins B)Steroids C)Terpenes D)Triacyglycerol
A)Pectins
Which of the following is not characteristic of DNA? A)Contains deoxyribose B)Contains ribose C)Double stranded D)Found in the nucleus
B)Contains ribose
Which of the following is not a polymer of numerous monomer units? A)Proteins B)Lipids C)Nucleic Acids D)Carbohydrates
B)Lipids
Nucleotides to nucleic acids are as amino acids are to? A)Proteins B)Fats C)Carbohydrates D)Tryglycerides
A)Proteins
Carbohydrates and proteins are built up from their basic building blocks by the ______
A)Addition of a water molecule between each two units
B)Addition of a carbon atom between each two units
C)Removal of a water molecule between each two units
D)Removal of a carbon atom between each two units
C)Removal of a water molecule between each two units
The single most abundant protein in the body is A)DNA B)Hemoglobin C)Collagen D)Glucose
C)Collagen
List the 4 types of Macromolecules
Proteins (amino acids), Nucleic Acids (nucleotides), Polysaccharides (simple sugars), Lipids (diverse class)
Describe the Macromolecule synthesis process
Stepwise from the smaller units. Each addition releases a hydrogen in a process called condensation or dehydration. Must have a reactive hydrogen and reactive OH on each molecule
Structure of amino acid protein
Carbon atom (chiral center) bonded to a hydrogen atom plus an amino group, carboxyl group, and an R group
What type of covalent bond links amino acids?
Peptide bonds
What are two features of a peptide bond?
Particularly strong(resemble double bonds); resists rotation and provides rigid peptide backbone
Process of protein synthesis is called _____
Translation
Define monomeric and multimeric
single polypeptides vs multiple polypeptides
