Macromolecules

Question 1

How many carbons are present in a monosaccharide?

Answer 1

Six.

Question 2

Name the 4 vitamins only soluble in lipids.

Answer 2

A, E, D, K

Question 3

Name four functions of Lipids

Answer 3

Insulation for neurons (brain & nervous system)
Carry the fat soluble vitamins (DEAK)
Important structural component in cell membrane
It is the 2nd choice of an energy source

Question 4

Name all the functions of protein

Answer 4

Proteins makes the reactions that occur in the body (enzymes)
Protein severs as a building material for most structures of the body.
Protein can serve as energy if the carbs and fats are limited (starving rumble)

Question 5

What main gasses are found in the environment?

Answer 5

Nitrogen
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Water

Question 6

Name 3 types of carbohydrates

Answer 6

Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides

Question 7

The outer Lipid Bi-Layer of the cell membrane attracts water because it is __________. (One-word answer)

Answer 7

Hydrophilic.

Question 8

What is the most common kind of lipid molecule found in the cell membrane?

Answer 8

Phospholipids. (charged head likes water) no charge tails hydrophobic

Question 9

name the 2 disacchardides and which monosacchardides make them up

Answer 9

Sucrose: glucose + fructose
Lactose: glucose + galactose

Question 10

Glycogen and Starch are examples of which carbohydrate?

Answer 10

Polysacharides

Question 11

Which type of bond alternate the monosacchride position?

Answer 11

Beta Bonds

Question 12

Which polysaccharide is not digestible in humans and why?

Answer 12

cellulose (fiber), Beta bond, alternates sides and our enzyme cannot fit.

Question 13

enzymes work by lowering the:

Answer 13

activation energy

Question 14

The enzyme is like the _______ and the thing we need to breakdown or chemically alter is like the _______

Answer 14

Key, Lock

Question 15

The 4th level of structure of a protein involves

Answer 15

more than one subunit (3rd level) combining

ex Hemoglobin has 4!

Question 16

The _______ level of structure of a protein determine it’s entire shape

Answer 16

1st as per the DNA code! Hopefully no mutations that change the AA so change the whole protein potencailly

Question 17

Flat fats include :

Answer 17

Saturated fats and Transfats

Question 18

Trans fats are the worst because

Answer 18

the stack up (are flat) and are much more difficult to breakdown (not because they make us fat, its about arteries death)

Question 19

Saturated fats are found in:

Answer 19

all animal products (minus fish) and coconut oil

Question 20

Which is overall healthier?Polyunsaturated fats or monounsatured fats

Answer 20

Poly. The kinkyier the better, the less they stack and the more liguid they remain

Question 21

Consuming too much of this in the diet can make us gain weight:

Answer 21

carbs or fats and less but even proteins

Question 22

Vitamins help the function of which macromolecule?

Answer 22

proteins as co-factors for enzymes