Macromolecules Flashcards
What are the four main types of macromolecules found in living organisms?
Proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids
Which macromolecule is the main component of cell membranes?
Lipids
What is the primary function of proteins in living organisms?
Proteins are involved in various cellular functions such as structure, transport, and enzymatic reactions
Which macromolecule stores genetic information in cells?
Nucleic acids
What is the monomer unit of proteins?
Amino acids
What is the monomer unit of nucleic acids?
Nucleotides
What is the primary function of carbohydrates in living organisms?
Carbohydrates are a major energy source for cells
Which macromolecule is composed of long chains of fatty acids?
Lipids
What type of bond links amino acids together in proteins?
Peptide bonds
True or False: Lipids are hydrophobic molecules.
True
Which macromolecule is made up of a long chain of sugar molecules?
Carbohydrates
What is the primary function of lipids in living organisms?
Lipids serve as energy storage and structural components of cell membranes
What are the two types of nucleic acids found in cells?
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid)
Which macromolecule is the most diverse in terms of structure and function?
Proteins
What is the primary function of nucleic acids in living organisms?
Nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information
Which macromolecule is insoluble in water?
Lipids
What is the primary difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?
Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fats have at least one double bond
Which macromolecule is the main source of long-term energy storage in animals?
Lipids
What is the primary difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar
What is the primary function of enzymes in living organisms?
Enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions in cells
Which macromolecule is involved in the regulation of gene expression?
Nucleic acids
What is the primary function of carbohydrates in plants?
Carbohydrates serve as structural components in plants
What are macromolecules
A very large molecule built up from smaller chemical structures bonded together
What are the four main macromolecules (in living things)
Carbohydrate
Lipids
Protein
Nucleic acid
