Macromolecules

Question 1

What are Macromolecules?

Answer 1

Large organic molecules that are found in all living things.

Question 2

What are Monomers?

Answer 2

The small, basic unit (ex. a brick)

Question 3

What are Polymers?

Answer 3

Complex structure made of monomers (ex. a brick house)

Question 4

What are the four types of Macromolecules?

Answer 4

1) Carbohydrates
2) Lipids
3) Proteins
4) Nucleic Acids

Question 5

What is the main function of a Carbohydrate?

Answer 5

short-term ENERGY

Question 6

What are the other uses of Carbohydrates?

Answer 6

Structure/Support

Question 7

Where is Carbohydrate found?

Answer 7

Sugar and starch (Breads, pastas, fruits, and veggies)

Question 8

What are the two types of Carbohydrates?

Answer 8

Monosaccharides and Polysaccharides

Question 9

What are Monosaccharides?

Answer 9

A type of Carbohydrate that is a single sugar molecule

Question 10

What are Polysaccharides?

Answer 10

A type of Carbohydrate that are large molecules formed by many monosaccharides

Question 11

What are examples of Monosaccharides?

Answer 11

Glucose, Glacatose, Fructose

Question 12

What are examples of Polysaccharides?

Answer 12

Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose

Question 13

What is the main function of Lipids?

Answer 13

Lipids are long-term Energy storage

Question 14

What are the other uses of Lipids?

Answer 14

Crushing organs, insulation, hormones, and cell membranes.

Question 15

Where are Lipids found?

Answer 15

Fats, oils, phospholipids, Steroids

Question 16

What is the monomer of Lipids?

Answer 16

Fatty acids

Question 17

What are the polymers of Lipids?

Answer 17

Fats, oils, phospholipids, steroids, hormones

Question 18

When the body runs out of carbs, what happens to the Lipids?

Answer 18

The Lipids will break down to gain energy.

Question 19

What are Proteins?

Answer 19

The most diverse and abundant macromolecule in your body. (Eggs, nuts, milk, meat)

Question 20

What is the last thing that your body will break down to use as energy?

Answer 20

Proteins

Question 21

What is the monomer of Proteins?

Answer 21

Animo Acids

Question 22

What is the polymer of Proteins

Answer 22

Polypeptide / A chain of amino acids

Question 23

What are the five functions of Proteins?

Answer 23

1) Enzymes control the rate of chemical reactions
2) Hormones regulate cell processes (ex. Insulin)
3) Used to form bones and muscles (ex. Collagen)
4) Transport substances in and out of cells (ex. Hemoglobin)
5) Antibodies help fight diseases
6) Food source

Question 24

What is the importance of Folding?

Answer 24

The shape of the protein determines what it does

Question 25

What is the main function of Nucleic Acids?

Answer 25

It stores and transmits genetic information

Question 26

What are examples of Nucleic Acids?

Answer 26

DNA and RNA

Question 27

Where do you get Nucleic Acids from?

Answer 27

You get them from your parents

Question 28

What is the structure of Nucleic Acids? (Monomers)

Answer 28

Monomers = nucleotides

Question 29

What are the examples of structured Nucleic Acids

Answer 29

A, G, T, C, U

Question 30

What is in a Nucleic Acid structure?

Answer 30

1) 5-carbon sugar
2) Phosphate group
3) Nitrogenous base

Question 31

What is the structure of Nucleic Acids? (Polymers)

Answer 31

Polymers = Nucleic Acid