Macromolecules Flashcards
Large molecules that are critically important to all living things.
Macromolecules
One unit of a macromolecule.
Monomer
A strand of many monomers.
Polymer
Enzymes are ______.
Proteins
Proteins are ____________.
Polypeptides
What are the monomers of protein?
Amino acids
CHON
Proteins
Proteins have what atoms?
CHON (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen)
What are carbohydrates made in?
Photosynthesis
What are the monomers of carbohydrates?
Monosaccharides
What is the name of two monosaccharides?
Disaccharide
A fast source of energy.
Carbohydrates
CHO
Carbohydrates
What atoms are carbohydrates made of?
CHO (Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen)
______ store energy.
Lipids
What are the two monomers of lipids?
Fatty acids and glycerol
CHO~P
Lipids
What atoms do lipids have?
CHO~P (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and sometimes Phosphorous)
What are the monomers of nucleic acids?
Nucleotides
Fatty acids and glycerol are monomers of what macromolecule?
Lipids
Monosaccharides are monomers of what macromolecule?
Carbohydrates
Sugar, starch, and fiber are examples of what?
Carbohydrates
Long strings of amino acids
Polypeptides
Candy, fruits, pasta, and bread are high in what macromolecule?
Carbohydrates
Is the head of a phospholipid hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
Hydrophilic
Is the tail of a phospholipid hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
Hydrophobic
Triglyceride that is solid at room temperature
Saturated
Triglyceride that is liquid at room temperature
Unsaturated
What does it mean when a macromolecule is called organic?
It contains carbon
What is the reaction that connects monomers?
Dehydration synthesis
What is the reaction that breaks down polymers?
Hydrolysis
What polysaccharide is found in the cell walls of plants?
Cellulose
Where can you find phospholipids?
The cell membrane
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA is double stranded while RNA is single stranded
