Macroevolution: Classification and Phylogeny

Question 1

Classification

Answer 1

classification is the process of arranging organisms, both living and extinct, into groups based on similar characteristics

Question 2

Taxonomy

Answer 2

The science of naming and classifying organisms is called taxonomy.

Question 3

Binomial nomenclature

Answer 3

the biological system of naming the organisms in which the name is composed of two terms, where, the first term indicates the genus and the second term indicates the species of the organism

Question 4

Taxon (Taxa)

Answer 4

the hierarchical divisions of a species from Kingdom to subspecies.

Question 5

Scientific Name

Answer 5

Binomial Nomenclature is a widely used, formal system of naming a species. The nomenclature consists of two names

Question 6

Phylogeny

Answer 6

the representation of the evolutionary history and relationships between groups of organism

Question 7

Phylogenetic Tree

Answer 7

a diagram that depicts the lines of evolutionary descent of different species, organisms, or genes from a common ancestor.

Question 8

Cladistics

Answer 8

a system of taxonomy in which the organisms are classified into clades (groups) based on collective characteristics and having common ancestry

Question 9

Clade

Answer 9

a group of organisms that consists of a common ancestor and all of its descendants

Question 10

Node

Answer 10

the points on a stem where the buds, leaves, and branching twigs originate. They are crucial spots on the plant where important healing, structural support, and biological processes take place.

Question 11

Derived Characteristic

Answer 11

a trait that arose in the most recent common ancestor of a particular lineage and was passed along to its descendants.

Question 12

What are the 6 Kingdoms?

Answer 12

Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, or Animalia

Question 13

Which Kingdoms are under which Domains?

Answer 13

Bacteria: Bacteria/Eubacteria.
Archaea: Archaea/Archaebacteria.
Eukaryota: Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista.

Question 14

Which is the correct order of taxa from the broadest taxon to the narrowest taxon?

Answer 14

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
King Philip Came Over For Great Soup

Question 15

Organisms that are the most closely related are found in which taxon?

Answer 15

genus and species

Question 16

What are the rules of Binomial Nomenclature?

Answer 16

The entire two-part name must be written in italics (or underlined when handwritten).
The genus name is always written first.
The genus name must be capitalized.