Macroevolution Flashcards
hummingbirds have developed long beaks because flowers have developed long tubes. what is this an example of?
coevolution
the process of one species evolving into several other species is known as what?
adaptive radiation
what was the purpose of the miller urey experiment?
to demonstrate how essential life molecules formed on early earth
what does the endosymbiotic theory state?
prokaryotes formed eukaryotes
what is punctuated equilibrium?
long stable periods of little change interrupted by periods of rapid change
what is radioactive dating used for?
calculating the age of a fossil/rock based on the amount of remaining radioactive isotopes
what is the name for the preserved remains of living organisms?
fossils
describe what the early earth was theorized to be like before it became a planet that could support life
hot poisonous gases, acid rain, no water
true or false: fossils provide a complete record of all extinct species on earth.
false: some species went extinct without leaving fossils
what do we call new characteristics that arise as lineages evolve over time? (cladograms)
derived characters
what is a heterotroph?
an organism that takes in organic molecules from the environment
where are you likely to find peptidoglycan?
in the cell walls of eubacteria
true or false: all bacteria are prokaryotic and unicellular.
true
true or false: eubacteria can live in extreme environments.
false
if two organisms have the same genus, what is the one level of classification that would be different?
species
what is one major difference between eubacteria and archaebacteria?
types of habitats they live in
all organisms in the kingdom protista, plantae, fungi, and animalia are what types of organisms?
eukaryotes
what does the presence of similar genes in very dissimilar organisms imply?
they organisms share a common ancestor
what is the universally accepted naming system used to assign each organism a unique name?
binomial nomenclature
which type of organisms likes to live in extreme environments, like high temperatures or low pH
archaebacteria
given the order of classification below, what is the human order name: domain eukarya, animalia chordata, mammalian primates, hominidae homo, sapiens
primate
sometimes organisms that are not closely related look similar, such as a dragon fly and a bird who both have wings. this is because:
convergent evolution
