Macro Nutrients

Question 1

Function of vitamin A

Answer 1

Mucous membrane health

Retinal, skin and bone health

Vital for immune system and reproduction

Stored in liver

Question 2

Deficiency in carbohydrates

Answer 2

No related issues

As carbs are broken down into simple sugars, if they are unavailable.. the body can use protein as a substitute energy source

Question 3

Deficiency in vitamin E

Answer 3

Cat- lead to pansteatitis

Dog- skin disease

Affect muscle fat and reproductive ability

Question 4

Excess in carbohydrates

Answer 4

As carbohydrates are stored as fat within the cells, it accumulates under the skin and around the organs which places great pressure of vital organs and can lead to obesity

Question 5

Function of vitamin K

Answer 5

Assists in blood clotting

Question 6

Vitamin A sources

Answer 6

Fish oil

Liver

Egg

Cereal

(FLEC)

Question 8

Excess of vitamin D

Answer 8

Mineralisation of soft tissue

Damage to kidneys

Organ dysfunction

Hypervitaminosis D can lead to toxicity

Question 9

Excess vitamin B

Answer 9

No effect as water soluble

Question 9

Deficiency in vitamin D

Answer 9

Rickets

Malformed bones and teeth

Question 11

Excess in vitamin K

Answer 11

Anaemia

Question 12

Deficiency in vitamin B

Answer 12

Poor appetite and metabolism

Question 13

Function of vitamin C

Answer 13

Important for wound healing, immunity, skin and blood vessel health

Acts as a co factor in many metabolism functions, especially atp metabolism

Question 14

Excess fat in the diet?

Answer 14

Leads to obesity

Puts pressure on organs as fat is stored around them

Question 15

Excess in vitamin A

Answer 15

Causes toxicity

Bone defects in vertebrae

Anorexia and weakness

May even lead to DEATH

Question 17

Vitamin D sources

Answer 17

Fish oils

Liver

Egg yolk

Cereals

Question 19

Vitamin K sources

Answer 19

Green leafy vegetables

Developed in the intestines

Question 20

Deficiency in vitamin A

Answer 20

Increased susceptibility to infection

Failing vision

Leads to weakness

Question 21

What are the main sources of carbohydrates for animals ?

Answer 21

Maize
Oats
Rice
Cereals

Question 22

Sources of protein in the diet?

Answer 22

Beans

Red meat

Oily fish

Poultry

Pulses

Soya

Question 24

Function of carbohydrates

Answer 24

Bulls up the diet

Provides heat and maintains body temperature

Provides power - enables the animal to carry out bodily functions

Used as a short term energy source, stored in the liver as glycogen

Aids gut mobility

Question 27

Function of vitamin D

Answer 27

Regulates calcium and phosphorus

Aids mineralisation

Regulates bone growth and repair

Question 28

Protein deficiency

Answer 28

Poor growth and weight loss
Poor recovery
Muscle wasting
Increased susceptibility to disease
Poor coat condition
General lethargy

Question 29

Function of fat in the diet?

Answer 29

Controls water loss through skin

Improves the taste of food

Supplies the most energy compared to protein and carbohydrates although it’s very concentrated energy

Aids the absorption, transportation and storage of fat soluble vitamins

Provides essential fatty acids

Important for skin and cell health, wound healing and reproduction

Question 30

Deficiency in vitamin C

Answer 30

Affects wound healing and poor collagen manufacture

Question 31

Deficiency in vitamin K

Answer 31

Blood clotting issues

Question 32

What are the main sources of fat in an animals diet?

Answer 32

Animal fat Vegetable oils Oily fish Dairy products Nuts Red meat

Question 33

Vitamin E sources

Answer 33

Vegetable oils Egg Nuts Seeds

Question 34

Deficiency of fat in the diet?

Answer 34

Reproduction problems Poor coat condition Dry skin Impaired wound healing

Question 36

Excess of vitamin C

Answer 36

No effect as water soluble

Question 39

Excess in vitamin E

Answer 39

High doses tolerated well Unlikely to cause toxicity

Question 41

Excess protein

Answer 41

Cannot be stored Converted by liver to energy and waste Removed from kidneys Puts a strain on kidneys and liver

Question 45

Function of vitamin E

Answer 45

Prevents fat going rancid Antioxidant Reproduction Supports tissues and cells around body (PARS)

Question 50

Source of vitamin C

Answer 50

Glucose Citrus fruits Potatoes Liver Yeast Broccoli (Green veg, created in the body)

Question 51

Function of protein

Answer 51

Growth Repair (damaged tissues and maintenance) Reproduction Energy Lactation Transports nutrients Storage and transportation of oxygen within muscles

Question 55

Vitamin B functions

Answer 55

Vital for metabolism of macro nutrients Important for metabolic functions Skin health and growth Production of antibodies Energy production (V.I.S.P.E)

Question 59

Source of vitamin B

Answer 59

``` Wholegrain cereals Egg yolk Liver Vegetables Yeast ``` (WELVY)