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Nutrition > Macro Nutrients > Flashcards

Macro Nutrients Flashcards

1
Q

Function of vitamin A

A

Mucous membrane health

Retinal, skin and bone health

Vital for immune system and reproduction

Stored in liver

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2
Q

Deficiency in carbohydrates

A

No related issues

As carbs are broken down into simple sugars, if they are unavailable.. the body can use protein as a substitute energy source

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3
Q

Deficiency in vitamin E

A

Cat- lead to pansteatitis

Dog- skin disease

Affect muscle fat and reproductive ability

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4
Q

Excess in carbohydrates

A

As carbohydrates are stored as fat within the cells, it accumulates under the skin and around the organs which places great pressure of vital organs and can lead to obesity

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5
Q

Function of vitamin K

A

Assists in blood clotting

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6
Q

Vitamin A sources

A

Fish oil

Liver

Egg

Cereal

(FLEC)

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8
Q

Excess of vitamin D

A

Mineralisation of soft tissue

Damage to kidneys

Organ dysfunction

Hypervitaminosis D can lead to toxicity

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9
Q

Excess vitamin B

A

No effect as water soluble

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9
Q

Deficiency in vitamin D

A

Rickets

Malformed bones and teeth

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11
Q

Excess in vitamin K

A

Anaemia

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12
Q

Deficiency in vitamin B

A

Poor appetite and metabolism

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13
Q

Function of vitamin C

A

Important for wound healing, immunity, skin and blood vessel health

Acts as a co factor in many metabolism functions, especially atp metabolism

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14
Q

Excess fat in the diet?

A

Leads to obesity

Puts pressure on organs as fat is stored around them

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15
Q

Excess in vitamin A

A

Causes toxicity

Bone defects in vertebrae

Anorexia and weakness

May even lead to DEATH

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17
Q

Vitamin D sources

A

Fish oils

Liver

Egg yolk

Cereals

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19
Q

Vitamin K sources

A

Green leafy vegetables

Developed in the intestines

20
Q

Deficiency in vitamin A

A

Increased susceptibility to infection

Failing vision

Leads to weakness

21
Q

What are the main sources of carbohydrates for animals ?

A

Maize
Oats
Rice
Cereals

22
Q

Sources of protein in the diet?

A

Beans

Red meat

Oily fish

Poultry

Pulses

Soya

24
Q

Function of carbohydrates

A

Bulls up the diet

Provides heat and maintains body temperature

Provides power - enables the animal to carry out bodily functions

Used as a short term energy source, stored in the liver as glycogen

Aids gut mobility

27
Q

Function of vitamin D

A

Regulates calcium and phosphorus

Aids mineralisation

Regulates bone growth and repair

28
Q

Protein deficiency

A 
Poor growth and weight loss
Poor recovery
Muscle wasting
Increased susceptibility to disease
Poor coat condition
General lethargy
29
Q

Function of fat in the diet?

A

Controls water loss through skin

Improves the taste of food

Supplies the most energy compared to protein and carbohydrates although it’s very concentrated energy

Aids the absorption, transportation and storage of fat soluble vitamins

Provides essential fatty acids

Important for skin and cell health, wound healing and reproduction

30
Q

Deficiency in vitamin C

A

Affects wound healing and poor collagen manufacture

31
Q

Deficiency in vitamin K

A

Blood clotting issues

32
Q

What are the main sources of fat in an animals diet?

A

Animal fat

Vegetable oils

Oily fish

Dairy products

Nuts

Red meat

33
Q

Vitamin E sources

A

Vegetable oils

Egg

Nuts

Seeds

34
Q

Deficiency of fat in the diet?

A

Reproduction problems

Poor coat condition

Dry skin

Impaired wound healing

36
Q

Excess of vitamin C

A

No effect as water soluble

39
Q

Excess in vitamin E

A

High doses tolerated well

Unlikely to cause toxicity

41
Q

Excess protein

A

Cannot be stored
Converted by liver to energy and waste
Removed from kidneys
Puts a strain on kidneys and liver

45
Q

Function of vitamin E

A

Prevents fat going rancid

Antioxidant

Reproduction

Supports tissues and cells around body

(PARS)

50
Q

Source of vitamin C

A

Glucose

Citrus fruits

Potatoes

Liver

Yeast

Broccoli (Green veg, created in the body)

51
Q

Function of protein

A

Growth
Repair (damaged tissues and maintenance)
Reproduction
Energy
Lactation
Transports nutrients
Storage and transportation of oxygen within muscles

55
Q

Vitamin B functions

A

Vital for metabolism of macro nutrients

Important for metabolic functions

Skin health and growth

Production of antibodies

Energy production

(V.I.S.P.E)

59
Q

Source of vitamin B

A 
Wholegrain cereals
Egg yolk
Liver
Vegetables 
Yeast

(WELVY)

Nutrition (2 decks)

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