MACRO-NUTRIENTS Flashcards
Protein (Function/Role in the body)
Repair body tissues
Create enzymes, Hormones and antibodies
Provide a secondary source of energy if insufficient carbs and fats in diets.
Carbs (Function/Role in the body)
Act as an energy source, help control blood glucose and insulin metabolism.
Fats (Function/Role in the body)
helps give your body energy, Cell growth
Food sources (Fats)
Oils (Avacado, Coconut and Olive), butter and meat and fishes
Food sources (Protein)
Egg, Greek yoghurt and salmon and chicken breast
Food sources (Carbs)
Rice, Breads and potatoes
List 3 macronutrients responsible for energy in the body
Carbs, Fats (Lipids) and Protein
Fatty Acids and glycerol is the sub unit of which macro nutrient
Fats (Lipids)
What is the name of the small structure inside the small intestine that is responsible for the absorption nutrients
Villi
What is the term given to a protein source that supplies all 9 essential amino acids
complete protein
2 minerals and give functions for both
Calcium = Develops and strengthens bones
Iron= Transport oxygen into the blood
Zinc= Immune system and wound healing
Fluorine= Strong bones and teeth
Potassium= Controls water balance
Sodium= Controls water balance
What does BMR Stand for
Basel Metabolic Rate
What factors affect Individuals BMR
Sex, Age, Mass, Body size and Physical activity
Differences between saturated and unsaturated fats
Saturated: Meats, Butter, dairy products, Solid at room temp “Bad cholestroel”, No double bond
Unsaturated: Liquid at room temp, avocado, olive oil, Increase good cholesterol (HDL), Double bond
Calc thermic effect on a indivisual that consumes 10 500 kJ a day
0.1x 105000 = 1050KJ
To calculate the energy balance of an individual, what 3 factors do you need to consider?
BMR + Thermic effect + Exercise
2 sources of dietary fibres
Vegetables, Wholegrain breads and pasta, fruit, some seeds
What is the role of enzymes in the digestive system
Breakdown organic food particles into smaller chemicals/building blocks that can be transported through the bloodstream.
In which part of the digestive system, does the digestion of carbs begin
Mouth
What is a soluble fibre
oats, peas, beans, dissolves in water, and includes plant
What is insoluble fibre
insoluble fibre doesn’t dissolve in water, Includes Meat
how does the consumption of fibre prevent constipation and ensure the easy evacuation of faeces
increases the weight and size of your stool and softens it
what are side effects of not getting enough fiber
Irritable bowel syndrome, Bowel cancer
