Macro-neuroanatomy

Question 1

What are the parts of the Hindbrain?

Answer 1

The Hindbrain has four parts:
The medulla oblongata
The pons
The reticular formation
The cerebellum.

Question 2

What part of the brain is responsible for breathing and heart rate?

Answer 2

The Medulla is responsible for the body’s cardiovascular control including breathing, heart rate and reflexes like coughing, sneezing, vomiting.

Question 3

What parts of the brain are described as being involved in sleep? What do they do?

Answer 3

• The Pons regulates sleep, especially the REM state and keep the body immobile.
• The reticular formation is involved in the body’s attention, arousal, sleep and wakefulness.

Question 4

Information from your body comes through which hindbrain region?

Answer 4

Information from lower body parts (muscles, organs, glands) comes through the ascending pathway in the reticular formation to the brain for further processing.

Question 5

The cerebellum is located where in your brain?

Answer 5

The cerebellum is a large structure at the lower back of the brain.

Question 6

What is the cerebellum important for?

Answer 6

The cerebellum is involved in motor control, balance, gait and posture.
It helps smooth our motor movements so we can move effortlessly.
Damaged/underdeveloped => unstable, uncoordinated movement.

Question 7

Name 3 parts of the Midbrain and what are they involved in?

Answer 7

1, The superior colliculus is involved in aspects of vision and 👁️ movement.
2, The inferior colliculus is involved in aspects of hearing.
3, The substantial nigra is involved in aspects of movement reward and motor control.

Question 8

What part of 🧠 is associated with higher order or more human features?

Answer 8

The forebrain.
It is associated with more human features such as language, emotion, cognition and personality.
=> Evolutionary newer part of the 🧠 to solve unique human problems