Macro anatomy Flashcards
What regions does the liver lie in? (and extend into)
R hypochondrium, epigastric, (extends into L hypochondrium, R lumbar)
Name the lobes and ligaments of the liver?
R and L, R has the caudate (bounded by ligamentum venosum and IVC) and quadrate lobe (bounded by ligamentum teres and gall bladder)
Contains falciform ligament (divides the R and L lobes and connects to anterior wall) -coronary R and L, triangular R and L(connects to diaphragm), hepatogastic, hepatoduodenal
Contains Ligamentum teres (fetal umbilical cord)
What structures are related to the liver
a) anteriorly
b) posteriorly
What impressions are on the liver?
Anteriorly: diaphragm, costal margins, pleura, lower
margins of both lungs, xiphoid process and anterior
abdo wall.
Posteriorly: diaphragm, right kidney, hepatic flexure
of the colon, duodenum, gallbladder, IVC and
oesophagus and fundus of the stomach.
Impressions = R kidney, Suprarenal, Colic (hepatic flexure), duodenum, gastric
What is in the portal triad? -What else is found here
-What drains the liver
V- hepatic portal vein
A - hepatic artery proper
D - common hepatic bile duct
Also has sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve
fibres. As well as a few hepatic lymph nodes which
drain into the celiac lymph nodes.
What forms calot’s triangle?
Cystic bile duct, common hepatic bile duct and the inferior border of the liver
Describe the blood supply of the liver
75% = nutrient rich oxygen from the hepatic portal vein of the triad = this has veins from the superior mesenteric vein, inferior mesenteric and splenic vein
25% = oxygen rich blood from the hepatic artery proper (coeliac plexus/aorta)
Efferent blood vessels drain the liver into the IVC via R, ,middle, left
What is the livers link to lymph
The liver produces up to ½ of the bodies lymph.
Efferent vessels pass through the porta hepatis and
drain into the celiac nodes
A few vessels from the bare area pass through the
diaphragm to the posterior mediastinal lymph nodes.
How is the liver innervated?
Coeliac plexus - symp and parasymp
Also the anterior vagal trunk gives rise to a large
hepatic branch, which passes directly to the liver.
How does the liver secrete bile
Common hepatic bile duct = cystic bile duct = common bile duct
(gall bladder stores bile)
-Opens into the Ampulla of Vater (point of union with the pancreas)
-Which opens in the duodenum via the major duodenal papilla
-Which is controlled by a small circular muscle known as the sphincter of Oddi
