Maci Flashcards

1
Q

The path of an object in space as it moves around another object due to gravity

A

Orbit

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2
Q

The Sun and its family of orbiting planets and moons and other objects

A

Solar system

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3
Q

Millions and billions of stars held together in a group by their own gravity

A

Galaxy

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4
Q

Space and all the matter and energy in it

A

Universe

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5
Q

An object that orbits a more massive object

A

Satellite

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6
Q

A round pit left behind on the surface of a planet after a smaller object strikes the surface

A

Impact crater

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7
Q

An imaginary line about which a turning body such as Earth rotates

A

Rotation

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8
Q

The motion of one body around another, such as the Earth in its orbit around the Sun

A

Revolution

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9
Q

One of a pattern of temperature changes and other weather trends over the course of a year

A

Season

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10
Q

In an orbit, a position and time in which sun shines equally on both hemispheres

A

Equinox

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11
Q

In an orbit, a position and time during which one hemisphere receives the maximum sunlight

A

Solstice

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12
Q

A large dark plain of solidified lava on the moon

A

Mare

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13
Q

An event during which one object in space casts a shadow onto another

A

Eclipse

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14
Q

The dark central region of a shadow such as the cone of complete shadow cast by an object

A

Umbra

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15
Q

A region of lighter shadow that may surround a dark central region

A

Penumbra

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16
Q

Average distance from the sun which is 93,000,000 miles

A

Astronomical unit

17
Q

An oval or flattened circle

A

Ellipse

18
Q

A planet that has a rocky surface

A

Terrestrial planet

19
Q

A large planet that consists mostly of gases in a dense form

A

Gas giant

20
Q

A small solid rocky body that orbits the Sun

A

Asteroid

21
Q

A body that produces a coma of gas and dust, a small icy body that orbits the Sun

A

Comet

22
Q

A brief streak of light produced by a particle entering Earth’s atmosphere at high speed

A

Meteor

23
Q

A small object from outer space that passes through Earth’s atmosphere and reaches the surface

A

Meteorite

24
Q

Earth-centered theory of the solar system

A

Geocentric

25
Q

A Sun-centered theory of the universe

A

Heliocentric

26
Q

The force that objects exert on one another because of their mass

A

Gravity

27
Q

The rise and fall of the oceans caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun

A

Tide

28
Q

The gradual increase of the illuminated surface of the moon

A

Waxing

29
Q

The gradual decrease in the illuminated surface of the moon

A

Wanning

30
Q

More than half but less than fully illuminated

A

Gibbous moon

31
Q

The illuminated surface is less than a quarter illuminated

A

Crescent moon

32
Q

The entire surface of the moon is illuminated

A

Full moon

33
Q

The entire surface of the moon is not illuminated

A

New moon

34
Q

Half of the moon is illuminated

A

Quarter moon