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Anesthesia Machine > Machine Overview > Flashcards

Machine Overview Flashcards

0
Q

The anesthesia workstation integrates most of the components needed to administer anesthesia into one unit and allows for what known delivery?

A

components fx to deliver known concentrations of inhaled anesthetics to the patient.

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1
Q

What does the anesthesia workstation consist of?

A 
Anesthesia machine
Ventilator
Vaporizer
Breathing System
Scavenging System
Respiratory and Physiologic monitors
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2
Q

Delivery of medical gases and vapors of volatile anesthetics are provided via?

A

common gas outlet

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3
Q

Gases that enter the anesthetic breathing system are delivered to the patient in what way?

A

During spontaneous (can be assisted with manual ventilation by reservoir bag) or mechanical ventilation

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4
Q

How are exhaled gases removed?

A

Expired gases to the system and excess removed via the scavenge system

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5
Q

Which association provides the standards of anesthesia workstations?

A

American Society for testing and Materials (ASTM)

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

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6
Q

What is ASTM responsible for?

A

All machines sold since the year 2000

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7
Q

what is the ANSI responsible for?

A

Anesthesia machines/workstations sold prior to the year 2000

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8
Q

What are the five pathways of Oxygen?

A
  1. Flow to the fresh gas flowmeters
  2. Powers the oxygen flush valve
  3. Activates the fail-safe mechanisms
  4. Activates the oxygen low-pressure alarm
  5. Compresses the bellows of the ventilator
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9
Q

What flow rate does the oxygen flush valve deliver?

A

Upon pushing the button it automatically deliver 35-75 L/min
Only used to check bellows
Use with extreme caution if needed during a case as this should not be used d/t high risk of barotrauma to patient.

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10
Q

If the Oxygen low-pressure alarm goes off what should not be on?

A

If this oxygen pressure has fallen, no other gases should be delivered EXCEPT for oxygen.

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11
Q

Why is oxygen needed for the bellows?

A

It is required for the bellows to be able to rise and fall.

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12
Q

The Pneumatic system involves the air pressure system. What are the three air pressure system checks that are performed with machine check?

A

1.

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13
Q

The pneumatic system contains the air pressure system. What are the three air pressure system checks that are done with machine checks?

A
  1. High pressure system (Assessing cylinders: 02, N20, air)
  2. Intermediate pressure system (Assessing pipelines)
  3. Low pressure system (Assessing flowmeters leaks)
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14
Q

What does the high pressure system consist of?

A

Cylinder and tanks that have high pressure>pressure is reduced to make it suitable for the machine.

Ex. O2 cylinder typically has a pressure of 2000psi and this needs to be reduced to 45 psi in order to be compatible with anesthesia machine.

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15
Q

Pressure indicator that displays the cylinder pressure for each gas supplied by cylinders include?

A

Flow meter control valves and pressure gauges

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16
Q

What does the intermediate pressure system consist of?

A

It is the pneumatic part of the Master Switch.

  1. Pipeline sources (O2, Air, N20)
  2. Pressure regulators
  3. Oxygen pressure failure device
  4. Oxygen flush valve
  5. Flow meter control valves
17
Q

If the oxygen failure device is activated and low pressure alarms are initiated what action should you take?

A

Remember the all gases should be turned off and ONLY oxygen should be given, some machines do this automatically.

You should turn OFF this pipeline if failing and tune ON the cylinder of oxygen that you have for emergency.

18
Q

What is the Diameter Index Safety System?

A

Provides non-interchangeable connections for medical gas lines
Connection consists of body, nipple, and nut combination
Only properly mated parts will allow connection to engage
***Required on ALL anesthesia machines

19
Q

Does the intermediate pressure system detect what the patient is receiving?

A

NO, it only detects pressure

20
Q

What is unique to the oxygen flush valve?

A

It has a protective ring to avoid accidental activation and has a universal symbol: 02+

21
Q

What does the low pressure system consist of?

A
  1. Flow meter tubes
  2. Hypoxia prevention safety device
  3. Unidirectional valves ( OUTLET CHECK VALVE)
  4. Pressure relief devices
  5. Common gas outlet
  6. Vaporizers/Vaporizers manifold
  7. Pressure is slightly above atm pressure
22
Q

What occurs if the common gas outlet becomes disconnected?

A

The patient will NOT receive any anesthetic gases

23
Q

What is 02 pressure sensor shut-off valve?

A

A safety valve located downstream from the N20 supply source

24
Q

What is the purpose of the 02 Pressure sensor shut-off valve?

A

Shuts off N20 or proportionally decreases the supply of N20 allowed into the machine.

If the 02 supply pressure decreases to a pre-determined threshold for example: <20 psi

***Not related to % only to pressure decreases. Remember that it likes a pressure of about 50 psi.

25
Q

Pathway of oxygen in machine to oxygen supply failure system?

A

02 wall supply>oxygen enters machine>flows to the pressure sensor shut off valve>and then the oxygen supply failure system

26
Q

What are the two types of pressure sensor shut-off valve systems?

A
  1. Threshold type: When threshold reached the valve closes “shuts off” N20 when oxygen pressure supply less than 20 psi
  2. Proportioning type (OFPD): Oxygen Failure Protection Device. Responds to prop. to changes in 02 pressure via spring that is open, partially open, or closed.
27
Q

What are the two oxygen sources?

A
  1. Pipeline supply (50-55 psi)

2. Cylinder supply (2200 psi: starts here and is down regulated to about 45 psi)

28
Q

What Cylinder sizes do we use and who is responsible for the writing on the cylinders?

A

Cylinder E

Department of transport

29
Q

What is the Pin Index Safety System (PISS)?

A

Safety pin index system that prevents the wrong cylinder from being placed on the hanger yoke.

PISS and yoke assembly system has washer the prevent can potentially prevent proper sitting of pins/holes

30
Q

What is PISS for oxygen?

A

Green=Oxygen=pin index # 2 and 5

31
Q

Wha is the PISS for Nitrous?

A

Blue=Nitrous= pin index #3 and 5

32
Q

What is the PISS for air?

A

Yellow=Air= pin index # 1 and 5

33
Q

What is the tank capacity of the E cylinder for oxygen?

A

Generally full at 2000 psi which is approximately 625-700 L of oxygen

**As 02 is used from the cylinder, the pressure falls in proportion to the amount left in the tank.

34
Q

How do you calculate how many liters are left in your tank? and how many hours you have left before to use before you run out?

A

Divide 2000 psi = 2 of tank value by L of oxygen available and then dive that by flow ex 2l/min

35
Q

If you have 2000 psi in cylinder how much volume of O2 do you have?

A

625 L

36
Q

If you have 1000 psi of oxygen how much volume of oxygen do you have?

A

312.5 L

37
Q

If you have 500 psi of oxygen how much volume of oxygen do you have?

A

156.25 L

38
Q

If you have 225 psi in your cylinder how much volume of o2 do you have?

A

78 L

39
Q

How is nitrous oxide stored in a cylinder?

A

It is stored as a liquid, cannot do math to calculate how much time you have left unless it is weighed. This is not important bc you can always give a IV meds.

**Nitrous normally comes at 745 psi and is reduced to 45 psi to make it compatible with anesthesia machine

40
Q

What is the purpose of the flowmeter?

A

measures gas flow to the common gas outlet

41
Q

What are the safety feature of the flowmeters?

A
  1. Gas is specifically color coded (Blue=N20, Green=O2 ,Yellow=Air)
  2. O2 knob is: distinctively fluted, projects beyond the control knobs of other gases, large in diameter.
  3. **Oxygen flowmeter is positioned downstream from nitrous to prevent a hypoxic mixture if leak is present but this is NOT fail proof.

Anesthesia Machine (2 decks)

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