Machine Gun Test

Question 1

TRAJECTORY

Answer 1

The trajectory is the path of the round in flight.The gunner must know the trajectory of
each machine gun round to effectively fire the weapon throughout its full range

Question 2

MAXIMUM ORDINATE

Answer 2

Maximum ordinate is the highest point of the trajectory between the muzzle of the weapon and the
base of the target. It occurs about two-thirds of the distance from the weapon to the target

Question 3

CONE OF FIRE

Answer 3

When several rounds are fired in a burst from any machine gun, each round follows a slightly
different trajectory. The pattern these rounds form on the way to the target is called the “cone of fire”

Question 4

BEATEN ZONE

Answer 4

This area is the elliptical pattern formed on the ground or target by the
striking rounds. The length of the beaten zone changes when the range to the target changes or when the
machine gun is fired on different types of terrain.

Question 5

DANGER SPACE

Answer 5

This is the space between the machine gun and the target where the trajectory rises less than 1.8
meters (the average height of a standing Soldier) from the ground

Question 6

RESPECT TO GROUND

Answer 6

GRAZING FIRE/PLUNGING FIRE

Question 7

GRAZING FIRE

Answer 7

Grazing fire occurs when the center of the cone of fire rises less than 1 meter aboveground.

Question 8

PLUNGING FIRE

Answer 8

Plunging fire occurs when the danger space is within the beaten zone. Plunging fire also occurs
when firing at long ranges, from high ground to low ground, into abruptly rising ground, or across uneven
terrain, resulting in a loss of grazing fire at any point along the trajectory.

Question 9

RESPECT TO TARGET

Answer 9

FRONTAL FIRE,FLANKING FIRE, OBLIQUE FIRE, ENFILADE FIRE

Question 10

FRONTAL FIRE

Answer 10

Fire occurs when the long axis of the beaten zone is at a right angle to the front of the target. An
example is when firing at the front of a target.

Question 11

FLANKING FIRE

Answer 11

Flanking fire occurs when the gunner fires at the side of a target.

Question 12

OBLIQUE FIRE

Answer 12

Oblique fire occurs when the long axis of the beaten zone is at an angle other than a right angle to
the front of the target.

Question 13

ENFILADE FIRE

Answer 13

Enfilade fire occurs when the long axis of the beaten zone coincides or nearly coincides with the
long axis of the target.

Question 14

RESPECT TO WEAPON

Answer 14

FIXED FIRE, TRAVERSING FIRE, SEARCHING FIRE, TRAVERSING AND SEARCHING FIRE, FREE-GUN FIRE

Question 15

FIXED FIRE

Answer 15

This is fire delivered against a point target when the depth and width of the beaten zone covers the
target

Question 16

TRAVERSING FIRE

Answer 16

This is fire distributed in width by successive changes in direction. The gunner selects successive
aiming points throughout the width of the target.

Question 17

SEARCHING FIRE

Answer 17

This is fire distributed in depth by successive changes in elevation. The gunner selects successive
aiming points in depth.

Question 18

TRAVERSING AND SEARCHING FIRE

Answer 18

This is fire distributed in width and depth by successive changes in direction and elevation.
Combining traversing and searching fire provides good coverage of the target

Question 19

FREE-GUN FIRE

Answer 19

This is fire delivered against targets requiring rapid major changes in direction and elevation that
cannot be applied with the T&E mechanism.

Question 20

TYPES OF TARGETS

Answer 20

POINT TARGETS, AREA TARGETS, Linear Targets, Deep Targets, Linear Targets with Depth

Question 21

DISTRIBUTION, CONCENTRATION, AND RATE OF FIRE

Answer 21

The size and nature of the target determine how the gunner applies his fire. He must manipulate the
machine gun to move the beaten zone throughout the target area. He must control the rate of fire to
adequately cover the target, but at the same time to conserve ammunition and preserve the barrel.

Question 22

RATE OF FIRE

Answer 22

Use sustained, rapid, and cyclic rates of fire with the machine gun (Table 5-2). These rates enable
leaders to control and sustain your fire and to help you avoid destroying your barrel.

Question 23

Sustained Fire

Answer 23

This is the normal rate of fire for the gunner

Question 24

Rapid Fire

Answer 24

Used to gain fire superiorty on a target

Question 25

Cyclic Fire

Answer 25

Cyclic fire uses the most ammunition that can be used in 1 minute. The cyclic rate of fire with the
machine gun is achieved when the trigger is held to the rear and ammunition is fed into the weapon
uninterrupted for one minute.

Question 26

OVERHEAD FIRE

Answer 26

Fire delivered over the heads of friendly Soldiers is called overhead fire.

Question 27

DEFILADE POSITIONS

Answer 27

A machine gun is in defilade when the weapon and its crew are completely behind terrain that masks
them from the enemy

Question 28

SECTOR OF FIRE

Answer 28

This is a target area assigned to an individual, a weapon, or a unit. Leaders normally assign each
gunner a primary and a secondary sector of fire.

Question 29

FINAL PROTECTIVE FIRE

Answer 29

An FPF is an immediately available, prearranged barrier of fire. It is used to stop enemy movement
across defensive lines or areas.

Question 30

FINAL PROTECTIVE LINE

Answer 30

An FPL is a predetermined line along which grazing fire is placed to stop an enemy assault. If an
FPL is assigned, the machine gun sights along it, except when engaging other targets.

Question 31

PRINCIPAL DIRECTION OF FIRE

Answer 31

A PDF is just what it sounds like: the main direction of fire, usually into an area with good fields of
fire or with a likely dismounted avenue of approach. Gunners firing on a PDF may also provide fire
support to an adjacent unit.

Question 32

GRAZING FIRE

Answer 32

A good FPL covers the maximum area with grazing fire, which is effective over various types of
terrain out to 600 meters

Question 33

DEAD SPACE

Answer 33

Anywhere that the weapon system cannot cover either through grazing fire or in their sector of fire ( I made this definition due to the FM only talking about deadspace within grazing fire)

Question 34

FIRE CONTROL

Answer 34

The gunner engages predetermined targets, including the FPL or PDF, on order or IAW SOP. The
defense order normally gives the signal to call for these fires.

Question 35

PRIMARY SECTOR OF FIRE

Answer 35

. The primary sector of fire is the area to be covered by an individual gunner or unit

Question 36

SECONDARY SECTOR OF FIRE

Answer 36

The secondary sector of fire is a separate area covered by the same gun team.

Question 37

PARTS OF A RANGE CARD

Answer 37

Weapon symbol, Sector of fire, Primary direction of fire or final protective line, Range, azimuth, and number label to predetermined targets, Dead space, Distance and azimuth from a known point or coordinates, Magnetic North arrow, Data section.

Question 38

METHODS OF FIRE CONTROL

Answer 38

VERBAL, ARM-AND-HAND SIGNALS, PREARRANGED SIGNALS, PERSONAL CONTACT, RANGE CARDS, STANDING OPERATING PROCEDURES

Question 39

M192 ELEVATION AND TRAVERSE RANGE IN MILS

Answer 39

The M192 has a 530-mil range of elevation and a 900-mil traverse