Machine Gun Employment Flashcards
Which FM’s cover machine gun employment?
FM 3-22.68 crew served MGs 5.56mm and 7.62mm
FM 3-21.8 infantry PLT and SQD machine guns and machine gun gunnery
Describe cone of fire
Each round fired in a burst will have a different trajectory, the pattern created is called the cone of fire.
What is beaten zone?
Elliptical pattern formed on the ground of the target by the striking rounds
What is danger space?
Space between the MG and the TGT where the trajectory rises less then 1.8 m above the ground
What are the 3 classes of fire?
Respect to the ground
Respect to the gun
Respect to the target
What are the 2 subcategories For respect to the ground?
Grazing fire: when the center of the cone of fire rises less then 1 meter above the ground
Plunging fire: when danger space is within the beaten zone
What are the 6 subcategories of respect to the gun?
Fixed, traversing, searching, search and traverse, swinging traverse, free gun
What are the 4 subcategories of respect to the target?
Frontal fire, flanking fire, oblique fire, enfilade fire
What are the appropriate fires for respective targets? Point Area Linear Deep Linear w/depth
Point target- fixed Area target- search and traverse Linear targets- traverse Deep targets- search Linear targets w/depth- search and traverse
What is overhead fires?
Fires only delivered from Tripod or Vehicles using T&E and friendlies between 350-850m
What is a defilade position?
When the MG and crew are completely masked by terrain from enemy
What are the 6 methods of fire control?
Prearranged signals Range cards Personal contact Verbal Hand/arm signals SOP’s
What are the 6 fire commands?
Alert Direction Description Range Method of fire Command to open fire
What are the 7 principals of MG support?
Mutual support Economy of ammo Sited in defilade Sited to produce enfilade fire Coordination Cover and concealment Interlocking fire
What is the DA form for a range card?
DA form 5517
What is the gunners rule?
Can be applied when friendly Troops are at least 350m in front of the gun position and the range to target is 850m or less.
What are 2 ways to determine round impact?
Beaten zone
Tracers
How do gunners work in pairs?
By dividing the target area into 2 sections using midpoints references
Both gunners distribute fire by applying direction and elevation for the best coverage
Employment of MG in the defense has how many positions?
3
Primary
Alternate- different position same mission
Secondary- different position and mission
How many types of wire are there and what are they?
3
Protective wire- 35m outside hand grenade range outside defense trace
Tactical wire- meant to funnel enemy to focus fires on them
Supplementary wire- hide tactical wire and confuse the enemy
What are the 2 techniques for air defense for MGs?
Football field technique
Reference point technique
What are the 2 football field techniques?
Fast- 2 football field lead
Slow- 1/2 lead
What is the purpose of a range card?
To provide a record of firing data and aids defending fire planning
How many copies of the range card is prepared?
2 copies
Who are the ranges cards for?
1 for the MG position
1 for squad leader
What is FPF final protective fire?
Immediate prearranged barrier of fire to stop enemy movement across defensive lines or areas
What is FPL final protective line?
Predetermined line along which grazing fire is placed to stop enemy assault, fixed in direction and elevation
What is dead space?
Areas where a soldiers waist falls below the gunners point of aim.
What is maximum ordinate?
The highest point above the line of sight the trajectory reaches between the muzzle of the weapon and the base of the target
What is trajectory?
The path the projectile takes from the muzzle of the weapon to the target
What are the 8 principles of machine gun employment?
PICMDEEP
Pairs Interlocking fires Coordination of fires Mutual support Defilade Enfilade Economy Protection
What do machine guns work in pairs?
Ammo conservation
Less wear and tear on weapons
Less barrel changes
Cover more area
What is the mil range for elevation and traverse on the M192 tripod?
530mils -elevation
900mils -traverse
How many mils can you elevate and depress the gun? And in how many increments? M192
235 mils- up
375 mils- down
10 mil increments
What is the traverse scale numbering from right to left? M192
0-far right
900- far left
On the minor scale one full rotation of the lever moves the weapon how many mils? M192
5 mils
Rotating the lever half way moves the weapon how many mils? M192
1 mil
The T&E scale major and minor are divided into how many increments? m192
Major- 5 mils
Minor- 1 mil
What is grazing fire?
Center of the cone of fire rises less then 1 meter above the ground
What is plunge fire?
When the danger space is within the beaten zone
What is the mil range for traverse on the M122?
Numbered every
100 mils to 425 mils right of center
100 mils to 450 mils left of center
Each click on the traversing hand wheel indicate how many mils?
1 click equals 1 mil
What are the total number of traversable mils on the M122?
100 mils
50 mils left and 50 mils right of center
One click on the elevation hand wheel equals how many mils?
1 click equals 1 mil
How many mils are available in elevation change?
400 mils
200 above and 200 below
Engraved into the handwheel is a scale divided into what?
5-mil divisions and 1-mil subdivisions
What’s the total number of mils on the hand wheel?
50 mils
Elevation readings are taken in how many parts?
2 parts
Major(elevation screw plate)
Minor(hand wheel)
What is the sustained rate of fire for the M249, M60,M240B?
M249- 50 rounds/Min 3-5 rd burst
M60/M240- 100 rounds/min 6-9 rd burst
Barrel change every 10 mins
What is the rapid rate of fire for the M249, M60, M240B?
M249- 100 rounds/min 6-8 round burst
M60/M240-200 rounds/min 10-12 round hurst
Barre change every 2 mins
What is the cyclic rate of fire for the M249, M60, M240B?
M249- 850 rounds/min
M60- 550 rounds/min
M240B- 650-950 rounds/min
Barrel change every 1 min
What is the max effective range for grazing fire?
600m
How high does the barrel need to be when emplacing a firing table?
4-6 inch’s of the ground
