MacDougall - Pathologic Occlusion Flashcards
what are structural and functional changes (in occlusion) that are a result of a disease process
pathologic occlusion
what is an objective manifestation of disease
sign
what is a subjective manifestation of disease
symptom
what are the hallmarks of occlusal path
wear and tear (tear is generally a sign of tauma)
what are the types of trauma
- primary trauma
- secondary trauma
- repetitive strain
what is an excessive force on a normal system (e.g., physical overload) (very uncommon)
primary trauma
what is a normal force on a weakened system (very common)
secondary trauma
what are examples of secondary trauma
Accumulated damage
Weakened tooth
Chronic, repetitive loads
Small crack that cannot heal
- Focus of stress
- Crack extension
- Total failure
is primary or secondary trauma most commonly faced with in private practice
secondary trauma
what is normal force on a normal system; recurrent with inadequate recovery
repetitive strain
___ is an umbrella term used to refer to several discrete conditions that can be associated with repetitive tasks, forceful exertions, vibrations, mechanical compression, sustained or awkward positions, or repetitive eccentric contractions without adequate recovery
Repetitive strain injury (RSI)
does malocclusion cause perio disease? explain
No it does not, but it CAN EXACERBATE existing perio disease
what is the stillness cleft
can gradully happen over time
what is:
To “wear away from.’
Once attributed solely to toothbrush/dentifrice abrasion
abrasion
what is:
To “break away from.’
Attributed to structural
breakdown at the point of flexure; “shelling”
abfraction
is tooth wear common?
yes! it is part of aging process
what is wearing down by friction
attrition
what is:
- softened occlusal anatomy
- broadened contacts
- facets involve only enamel
- function is not compromised
attrition
what is the wearing away thru an unusual or abnrmoal mechanical process
abrasion
is function compromised in attrition and abrasion?
attrition = no
abrasion = may be!
what has:
- wear facets (lock and key appearance)
- spot involvement of dentinal layer
- general anatomy still present
- may be localized to individual teeth
abrasion
what has:
- large areas of exposed dentin
- funcitonal anatomy lost
- inadequate occlusal mechanics
- often without symptoms
- expect additional degradation in the future
severe wear
what is excessive vertical force with rhthmic horizontal motion, for a prolonged period of time
bruxism
what is an oral habit consisting of involuntary rhythmic clenching of teeth, or spasmodic
non-functional gnashing or grinding in other than chewing movements of the
mandible, which may lead to occlusal trauma
bruxism
what is the pressing and clamping of the jaws and teeth together frequently associated with acute nervous tension or physical effort.
clenching
what is the wearing away of a substance or surface caused by rubbing or scraping. abrading
grinding
what are examples of occlusal parafunction
frustration grinding (awake and rhytmic)
nocturnal grinding
exertion clenching
concentration tapping
regular swallowing contact
how are horizontal function, vertical function, and anxiety, muscular, and neural activitiy related to occlusal force and potential for damage
the lower the occlusal force, it affects vertical function
the higher the occlusal force, the more it affects horizontal function and higher anxiety, muscular and neural activity
you should only have tooth contact how long per day
4-10 minutes per day (bruxer is 4 hours a day)
what is the magnitude of for for a normal person
20-40 lbs PSI verically (acceptable)
a bruxer is 300 lbs PSI and laterally (injurious)
occlussal pathology is generally free from ___ and ___ moving
free from symptoms and slow moving
are all malocclusions pathogenic
by definition, yes
can malocclusion ever improve on its own
no
A vicious cycle is a complex chain of events that reinforces itself through a
feedback loop, with detrimental results. Each iteration of the cycle reinforces the
previous one, in an example of positive feedback.
what is the PREDOMINANT THEME in occlusal pathology
horizontal function
does malocclusion contribute to development of bruxism
extensive wear is not necessarily a sign of bruxism but can lead to clenching and can progress to grinding
can occlusal intervention contribute to the solution
yes
A vicious cycle will continue in the direction of its momentum
until an external factor intervenes to break the cycle.
