Mac OS X Server 10.9 Flashcards
What are the minimum RAM and disk requirements for installing OS X Server?
The minimum RAM and disk requirements for OS X Server are:
• 2GB of RAM (more for high-demand servers running multiple services)
• 10GB of available disk space
What tool do you use to perform an installation and initial configuration of OS X Server?
You use the Server app to perform an installation and initial configuration of OS X Server.
If you’re installing OS X Server on a Mac, what is one configuration step you should take before installing?
Configure your Mac with OS X to use a manually assigned IPv4 address.
What are two kinds of names associated with your server, and what are they used for?
You can use the Server app to configure these two names:
• Computer name—This is what appears in the Finder sidebar for other Macs if your server offers file sharing services.
• Host name—Computers and devices can access services offered by your server by using your server’s DNS host name, even if they’re not on its local network, as long as the host name corresponds with an IPv4 address that’s reachable and not blocked by firewalls.
How can you install the Server app on an administrator computer?
Use the Mac App Store to download OS X Server. If you purchased a computer with OS X Server preinstalled, copy the Server app from that server to your administrator computer.
Give two examples of services that appear with your server’s computer name.
Your server’s computer name appears in the Finder sidebar window if the File Sharing or Screen Sharing services are enabled. It may also appear in AirDrop, Apple Remote Desktop, and in Xcode preferences when adding a new server for the Xcode service.
What kind of name is new-test-server.local?
new-test-server.local is an example of a local host name.
What kind of name is server17.pretendco.com?
server17.pretendco.com is an example of a host name.
What is the purpose of DNS?
To convert host names into IP addresses and IP addresses to host names.
If no DNS server is defined when configuring OS X Server, how will the server provide DNS for itself?
A basic DNS server is configured automatically and turned on.
If you’re using an external DNS server to provide DNS for your server, what should you do prior to configuring the server?
You should check that the DNS server has the proper forward and reverse DNS information configured for your server’s host name and IPv4 address.
When is it OK to leave the automatically configured DNS server running with no modification?
When it’s a very simple network with one server, and all the computers and devices are on the same network.
When might you want to use a manually configured DNS service on your OS X Server?
When you want to have records for multiple computers and devices.
Using an administrator computer with the Server app installed, how do you use the Server app to administer a remote server?
Open the Server app, choose Manage > Connect to Server, select your remote server from the list (or select Other, and then provide its host name or address), and provide credentials for a local administrator.
What option do you need to select in order to allow another Mac to administer your server, and where is its checkbox?
Select your server in the Server app sidebar (in the Server section), click the Settings tab, and then select the option “Allow remote administration using Server.”
What tools does the Tools menu give you quick access to open?
The Tools menu gives you access to these applications: • Directory Utility • Screen Sharing • System Image Utility • Xsan Admin
Do you have to install extra software to take control of your server’s keyboard and mouse?
No, on your server computer, you open the Server app and select your server in the Server app sidebar (in the Server section). Click the Settings tab, select the checkbox “Enable screen sharing and remote management,” and then on your administrator computer use Screen Sharing to take control of your server computer’s keyboard.
If you use the Server app to choose a different service data volume to a volume mounted at /Volumes/Data, what folder will contain the service data?
In this case, your service data will be stored in /Volumes/Data/ Library/Server.
Do you need to stop all services before using the Server app to change your service data volume?
No, the Server app automatically stops the appropriate services before moving their data to the new service data volume.
Can you remotely install OS X Server on a brand new Mac computer that comes with OS X Server without first configuring OS X on that computer?
No, you need to configure OS X before installing and configuring OS X Server.
How do you display the list of advanced services in the Server app sidebar?
Hover the pointer over the word Advanced in the Server app sidebar, then click Show.
What is the difference between a root CA and an intermediate CA?
An intermediate CA’s public key certificate is signed by another CA. A root CA’s public key certificate is signed by itself. Note that there is a set of root CAs and intermediate CAs that OS X trusts.
What is the problem with just using a self-signed SSL certificate?
Computers and devices accessing services that use a self- signed SSL certificate will see a message that the SSL certificate is not trusted. It is a security risk to teach users to just trust any SSL certificate that causes a warning.
What tool do you use to create a new self-signed SSL certificate and a CSR?
Use the Server app to create a new self-signed SSL certificate and a CSR.
What tool do you use to create a secure archive of your certificate and private key?
Use Keychain Access on the server to create a secure archive of your certificate and private key. Be sure to choose “Personal Information Exchange (.p12)” in the File Format menu of the Save dialog.
Can different services use different certificates, or do all the services on your server need to use the same certificate?
Each service can use a different certificate, or you can use the same certificate for all services.
What is the purpose of alerts?
Alerts provide a system of warning of various conditions.
What are the two ways alerts can be delivered?
Email, and alerts pushed to the Server app.
If you wish to use push alerts, what is the first step you need to take?
Configure the Apple Push Notification service for the server you’re using.
If an alert details offers to update services, what is the correct action?
Understand the alert and rectify the situation before making any configuration changes, as they may be unneeded.
Which volumes are shown in the Storage tab in the Server app?
All that are visible and mounted on the server.
Why use Time Machine to back up OS X Server?
Time Machine provides a simple backup system that’s capable of backing up OS X Server and restoring its services.
What files are not backed up by Time Machine that might be important in a server to a system administrator?
/Library/Logs/.
What kind of backup targets can be used for Time Machine?
Locally connected volumes and AFP file shares
If you don’t want to drop the oldest backups, what should you do?
Don’t let the backup target volumes fill up, or the oldest backups will be dropped.
What are three ways of recovering data from a Time Machine backup?
From the Time Machine graphical interface, directly from the backup volume, and via Restore from Time Machine Backup in the Recovery volume.
Describe the difference between authentication and authorization, and give an example of each.
Authentication is the process by which the system requires you to provide information before you can access a specific account. An example is entering a name and password while connecting to the Apple Filing Protocol service. Authorization refers to the process by which permissions are used to regulate a user’s access to specific resources, such as files and shared folders, once the user has been successfully authenticated.
What is the difference between user and administrator accounts on OS X Server?
User accounts provide basic access to a computer or server, whereas administrator accounts allow a person to administer the computer. On OS X Server, an administrator account is typically used for changing settings on the server computer itself, usually through the Server app.
Which applications can you use to configure OS X Server local user and group settings?
You can use the Users & Groups preferences and the Server app to create and configure local users and groups.
What tool can you use to import and export user accounts?
You can use the Server app to import user accounts. Additionally, as you’ll see in Lesson 10, you can use the Server app to import network users after you authenticate as a directory administrator.
Which two formats of files can you use to import users with the Server app?
You can use the Server app to import a character-delimited text file with user information, but you need a header line to define the characteristics of the information contained in the file. You can also import a text file that has a header line at the beginning of the file that defines the contents of the file.
If you decide to manually manage access to services, what are some services included in the list?
Services include Calendar, Contacts, File Sharing, FTP, Mail, Messages, Profile Manager, Time Machine, and VPN.
When you select the checkbox to grant authorization for a user to access File Sharing services, what file sharing protocols does this enable for the user?
Authorization to use File Sharing includes the AFP and SMB protocols.
When you click the Manage Service Access button, does this prevent users that you create in the future from being able to access your OS X Server services?
No, even after you choose to manage service access manually, new users that you create with the Server app automatically get authorization to access services. Of course, you can edit a user and remove authorization for that user to access a service.
What is the main function of directory services?
Directory services provide a central repository for information about the computers, applications, and users in an organization.
What standard is used for data access with Open Directory? What version and level of support is provided for this standard?
Open Directory uses OpenLDAP and the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) standard to provide a common language for directory access. Open Directory uses LDAPv3 to provide read and write access to the directory data.
In terms of Open Directory, what four roles can OS X Server play?
OS X Server Open Directory roles include Open Directory master, standalone server, connected to a directory system, and Open Directory replica.
What criterion determines the Open Directory locale with which an OS X Open Directory client associates?
If a Mac has an IPv4 address that’s in the range of a subnet associated with an Open Directory locale, that Mac should use any of the Open Directory servers associated with that locale. Otherwise, it will use the default locale.
What log shows successful and failed attempts to authenticate against the password service?
Password Service Server Log, located at /Library/Logs/ PasswordService /ApplePasswordServer.Server.log, shows successful and failed attempts to authenticate.
What tool can you use to check the ability to obtain a Kerberos ticket?
Ticket Viewer is in /System/Library/CoreServices, and you can use it to confirm the ability to obtain a Kerberos ticket.
- How do you import local network users from a text file with a properly formatted header line?
Choose Manage > Import Accounts from the File menu, select the text file, choose Local Network Accounts in the pop-up menu, provide directory administrator credentials, and click Import.
What are some reasons that a client computer might not be able to use Kerberos authentication to access a service?
The client computer might not be bound to a directory service that provides Kerberos; the system time between the client computer and the server computer might be off by more than 5 minutes; there could be a DNS configuration issue; or the service might not be configured to use Kerberos.
In addition to authentication, what else can Kerberos provide?
Kerberos provides identification and authentication.
How can you disable a local network user account so that it cannot be used to access services or log in on a bound Mac?
In the User pane of the Server app, double-click the user to edit the user, and deselect the checkbox “Allow user to log in.”