M6 Exposed to Risk

Question 1

Overall goal of exposed to risk module:

Answer 1

Estimate mortality rates from observed data.

Question 2

Things that make it hard to estimate moratlity rates (2)

Answer 2

• Age definitions - Incomplete data

Question 3

Central/Initial exposed…which do we focus on?

Answer 3

Central

Question 4

Principle of correspondence definiton

Answer 4

for u=d/E Age definition should be same in both numerator and denominator

Question 5

3 Age definitions possible:

Answer 5

1. Next bday 2. Last bday 3. Nearest Bday

Question 6

Rate interval defintion

Answer 6

Period (of one year) when someones age label remains the same.

Question 7

Calculating central exposed to risk becomes harder when

Answer 7

we have incomplete data.

Question 8

Assign P_x,t to be

Answer 8

Number of people (age x) at risk, at time t

Question 9

Trapezium approx helps us

Answer 9

Approximate E^c_x when we only have population at census dates.

Question 10

To ensure correspondance, we must sometimes…

Answer 10

Adjust the census data so that it matches the death data

Question 11

What is a calendar year rate interval?

Answer 11

A rate interval that starts on a fixed date in the calendar year.

Question 12

How do we estimate E^c when using a calendar year rate interval

Answer 12

Use the eqn from notes 6.6

Question 13

Useful tip for determining the rate interval?

Answer 13

Find the event which causes the age label to change

Question 14

Difference of timing between qhat and u hat

Answer 14

• qhat relates to actual age of the individual at start of period
• uhat is from the middle of the period