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MLS112 > M5: CLINICAL LABORATORY > Flashcards

M5: CLINICAL LABORATORY Flashcards

1
Q

the definition of terms is based on

A

DOH A.O 2006-0027

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2
Q

Replacement for DOH AO 2007-0027
all requirements for lab/yearly guidelines

A

AO 2021-0037

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3
Q
  • facility where tests are done on specimens from the human body to obtain information about the health status of a patient
  • consultative advisory services
  • collection, handling, and or preparation of specimens
A

clinical laboratory

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4
Q

basic commonly requested tests in the laboratory, the results if which are not required to be released immediately upon completion. usual procedures and systems

A

routine testing

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5
Q

sta’tim (immediately)
- urgent cases, results released immediately within one hr of the procedure

A

STAT test

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6
Q

“life threatening” unless something is done promptly and for which some corrective action could be undertaken

A

critical values

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7
Q

start of specimen collection to release

A

turn around time

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8
Q

classification by ownership

A

government and private

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9
Q

national gov/local gov/political unit

A

government

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10
Q

individual/corporation/association/org

A

private

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11
Q

clinical pathology includes

A

Clinical Chemistry, Hematology, Immunohematology, Microbiology, Immunology, Clinical Microscopy, Endocrinology, Molecular Biology, Cytogenetics, Toxicology,
TDM and other similar disciplines

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12
Q

anatomic pathology

A

Surgical Pathology, Immunohistopathology, Cytology, Autopsy, Forensic
Pathology, Molecular Pathology

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13
Q

molecular pathology includes

A

histopathology, cytopathology, molecular pathology

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14
Q

within premises as part of an institution (hospital/med clinic/school/med facility/birthing home/psychiatric fac/ drug rehab)

A

institution based

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15
Q

does not form any other institution

A

freestanding

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16
Q

primary category description and services

A
  • min 10 square meters
    a routine hematology
    b qualitative platelet determination
    c routine urinalysis
    d routine fecalysis
    e blood typing
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17
Q

secondary

A
  • min of 20 square meters
    a servuces offered by primary
    b routine chemistry
    c quantitative plateley determination
    d hospital based - cross matching, gram staining, koh preparation
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18
Q

tertiary

A
  • min 60 square meters
    a services by secondary
    b special chemistry
    c special hematology
    d immunology
    e microbiology culture and sensitivity
    hospital based - aerobic and anaerobic cs
    non hospi tal- aerobic or anaerobic
    cs
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19
Q
  • provides the laboratory tests required for a particular service for institutions
A

limited services capability (institutional based)

20
Q

classification by service capabilities

A

general clinical laboratory
special clinical laboratory

21
Q

services offered by special clinical laboratory

A

a. Assisted reproduction technology laboratories
b. Molecular and cellular technology
c. Molecular Biology
d. Molecular Pathology
e. Forensic Pathology
f. Anatomic Pathology

22
Q

regulates qualifications for health-care personnel authorized to perform POCT
- US ammendment to their pub health services act in which congress revised the federal program for certification and oversight of clin lab testing

A

clinical laboratory amendments of 1988 (CLIA’88)

23
Q
  • considered simple to perform and interpret
    likelihood of erroneous results is negligible, no reasonable risk of harm to the patient if the test is done incorrectly
  • no special training/background
  • 8 before 1988 but 80 today
A

waived tests

24
Q

original 8 waived tests

A

blood glucose
reagent strip or tablet reagent urinalysis
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
fecal occult blood
hemoglobin by copper sulfate
ovulation tests
spun hematocrit
urine pregnancy tests

25
Q

Laboratory that offers highly specialized laboratory services that are usually not provided by a general clinical
laboratory

A

special clinical laboratory

26
Q

A laboratory designated by the DOH to provide special functions and services for specific disease areas.

A

National Reference Laboratories (NRL)

27
Q

national reference laboratories function

A

a. Provision of referral services
o Confirmatory testing
o Surveillance
o Resolution of conflicting results between or among laboratories
b. Training
c. Research
d. Evaluation of diagnostic kits and reagents
e. Implementation of *EQAP

28
Q
  • Program where participating laboratories are given unknown samples for analysis. The said samples
    are to be tested via the laboratory’s usual processing and examination
  • Quality of performance is evaluated using closeness of results to the pre-determined value or to the
    reference value generated by the participating laboratories through peer group analysis
A

External Quality Assurance Program (EQAP) or National External Quality Assurance Scheme (NEQAS)

29
Q
  • NRL for environmental, occupational health, toxicology and
    micronutrient assay
A

East Avenue Medical Center

30
Q

– NRL for Clinical Chemistry

A

Lung Center of the Philippines

31
Q

NRL for
HIV/AIDS and other Sexually Transmitted Infections
4. National Kidney & Transplant Institute- NRL for Hem

A

San Lazaro Hospital STD AIDS Cooperative Center Laboratory (SLH SACCL)

32
Q

e- NRL for Hematology, Immunohematology,
Immunopathology, Automated Urinalysis, and Anatomic Pathology for Renal Diseases and other
unassigned organ system diseases

A

National Kidney & Transplant Institute-

33
Q

NRL for Microbiology and Parasitology
• NRL for dengue, influenza, enteroviruses, measles and other viral exanthems, polio,
tuberculosis and other mycobacteria, bacterial enteric diseases, mycology, emerging
diseases, malaria and other parasites
• Also the confirmatory testing laboratory for blood donor units for the National Voluntary
Blood Services Program
• National External Quality Assurance for Bacteriology, Parasitology, and Mycobacteriology
• WHO-recognized National Influenza Center

A

Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM)

34
Q

– NRL for Anatomic Pathology for Cardiovascular Diseases

A

Philippine Heart Center

35
Q

Accredited Medical Technology Training Laboratories (Based on CHED Memorandum Order No. 13 s.2017)

A
  • Shall be a DOH- licensed tertiary clinical laboratory and duly accredited by CHED for Medical
    Technology/ Medical Laboratory Science Training Program
  • Shall have adequate space to accommodate both staff and interns (1 sq. meters per intern)
  • MLS intern must render 32 hours per week of internship duties not exceeding a total of 1664 hours in 1 year
36
Q

total hours that an MLS intern must work

A

1664 hours/6 months

37
Q

An individual doctor’s office/ clinic wherein laboratory examinations are performed

A

The Physician’s Office Laboratory (POL)

38
Q

Required to secure a clinical laboratory license when it undertakes any or all of the following:

A

o Issue official laboratory results
o Perform more than *monitoring examinations
o Cater not only to the physician’s own patients

39
Q

Tests done in series on patients as a guide for treatment or follow-up of their
condition

A

Monitoring examinations

40
Q
  • Any testing site that performs laboratory examinations under the administrative control of a licensed
    laboratory, but performs outside the physical confines of that laboratory
  • outside the premises where the central laboratory is situated shall be required to secure
    a separate license to operate
A

Satellite Testing Site

41
Q
  • Laboratory testing unit that moves from testing site to another testing site, or has a temporary testing
    location
  • Has a base laboratory and licensed as part of the base laboratory
  • Only permitted to collect specimens
  • Allowed to operate only within 100 km radius from its main laboratory
A

Mobile Clinical Laboratories

42
Q
  • Diagnostic testing at or near the site of patient care rather than in the clinical laboratory
  • Includes bedside testing, outpatient and home care
A

Point of Care Testing (POCT)

43
Q

US amendment to their
Public Health Services Act in which Congress revised the federal program for certification and
oversight of clinical laboratory testing.
o Two subsequent amendments were made after 1988. However, the law continues to be cited as
CLIA ’88 as named in legislation.

A

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA’88)

44
Q

o Considered simple to perform and interpret
o The likelihood of erroneous results is negligible; or pose no reasonable risk of harm to the patient if
the test is performed incorrectly
o Require no special training or educational background
o Require only minimum quality control

A

waived tests

45
Q

point of care testing people are often called

A

operators

MLS112 (5 decks)

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