M4-Mycology Flashcards
1
Q
What are the common growth forms of fungi?
A
- Yeast
- Psedohyphae
- True hyphae
2
Q
Characteristics of yeast:
A
- Round to ovoid in shape
- Separate readily from each other
3
Q
Characteristics of pseudohyphae:
A
- Resemble elongated, ellipsoid yeast cells
- Remain attached to one another at the constricted separation site
- Usually grow in a branching pattern
4
Q
Characteristics of moulds, true hyphael cells:
A
- Long
- Highly polarised
- Parallel sides
- No obvious constrictions between cells
5
Q
What is lignin?
A
=Heterogenus polymer made of cellulose only
- Provides structural rigidity in plants
- Highly resistant to degradtion
6
Q
What are the white rots?
A
=Phanerochaete chrysosprium
-Produces a wide array of enzymes that generate highly reactive radicals to catalyse lignin depolymerization
7
Q
What does lignin degradation system consist of?
A
- Manganese-dependent peroxidase
- Lignin peroxidase
8
Q
What are lichens?
A
=fungal & plant symbioses
- Fungus helps absorb moisture from air
- Algae performs photosynthesis and provides sugar
9
Q
What are mycorrhiza?
A
=Fungal & plant symbiosis
-Fungal growth enlarges root surface area, increasing absorption of water and minerals
Fungus is provided with sugar from plant
10
Q
What is yeast?
A
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Unicellular fungi, reproduced by budding or fission
