M11: Considerations when conducting studies

Question 1

Types of studies

Answer 1

a) Cross-sectional
b) Case control
c) Prospective

Question 2

Cross-sectional

Answer 2

Sample surveys that takes a snapshot of the population at the current time
a) If the election was today, who would you vote for?

Question 3

Case-control studies

Answer 3

a) Retrospective studies
b) Match each case (+ outcome) with a control (- outcome)
c) Ask questions about the explanatory variable

Question 4

Prospective studies

Answer 4

Forward-looking studies that follow subjects into the future

Question 5

Evaluating sources

Answer 5

a) How the data was collected
b) Who participated in the survey
c) Who conducted it
d) When the data was collected
e) What topic was the data collected on?

Question 6

Objective of experiments under Internal Review Boards

Answer 6

Ensure the risks to human subjects is minimal to none and that the benefits exceed the risks

Question 7

Informed consent

Answer 7

a) Tell participants details of the study
b) Risks and benefits have to be explained
c) Participants must agree to be part of the study

Question 8

Principles of Belmont report (WWII / Tuskegee Syphilis)

Answer 8

a) Respect for Persons - Informed consent
b) Beneficence - No harm
c) Justice - Do not allow targeting of one part of the population to beat all the risks.

Question 9

Data collected not under Review Boards (BIG DATA)

Answer 9

a) Survey not meant to be published
b) Data collected for instructional purposes
c) Data collected through phones or computers

Question 10

What requires approval by an Internal Review Board?

Answer 10

a) Research that poses risks to participants
b) Data collected on vulnerable populations