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AUBF LEC > M1 RENAL > Flashcards

M1 RENAL Flashcards

1
Q

Retroperitoneal organ

A

Kidney

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2
Q

Kidney weight

A

150g

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3
Q

transporting urine from the renal pelvis into the bladder.

A

Ureter

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4
Q

how long is ureter

A

25 cm long

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5
Q

Stores urine

A

Bladder

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6
Q

How long is urethra for male and female

A

F= 4cm long m= 24 cm long

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7
Q

Fluid biopsy of the kidney

A

Urine

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8
Q

An eight-lobe capillary which filters out major blood components in your body

A

Glomerulus

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9
Q

Basic structural and functional unit of the kidney

A

Nephron

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10
Q

85% of all nephron

A

Cortical nephron

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11
Q

15% of all nephron

A

Juxtoglomerular nephron

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12
Q

Renal blood flow

A

Renal artery → afferent arteriole → glomerulus → efferent arteriole → peritubular capillaries → vasa recta → renal vein

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13
Q

Urine formation

A

Glomerular filtration → tubular reabsorption → tubular secretion

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14
Q

Urine formation

A

Glomerular filtration → tubular reabsorption → tubular secretion

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15
Q

Order of urine formation

A

Glomerulus → pct → lh→ DCT → collecting duct → calyx → renal pelvis

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16
Q

Working portion of the kidney

A

Glomerulus

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17
Q

Coil of approx. 8 capillary lobes

A

Glomerulus

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18
Q

Located in bowman’s capsule

A

Glomerulus/glomerular filtration

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19
Q

Glomerulus has MW of?

A

<700,000 Dalton

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20
Q

Tri layer basement membrane of glomerulus filtration barrier

A

Lamina rara
Lamina densa
Lamina rara externa

21
Q

Barrier that contains negative charged molecules that repels positively charged molecules small enough to pass the barrier

A

Shield of negativity

22
Q

should be reabsorb in the body, meaning it is essential and thus should not be secreted

23
Q

1st function to be affected in renal disease

A

Tubular reabsorption

24
Q

What is the renal threshold?

A

160-180 mg/dl

25
is the plasma concentration at which active transport stops
Renal threshold
26
Carrier molecule that transports substances into the body
Active transport
27
Molecules move because of concentration gradient.
Passive transport
28
Secreted by: posterior pituitary gland
ADH
29
Secreted by: Adrenal Cortex (Zona glomerulosa) Regulates sodium reabsorption
Aldosterone
30
Relationship of adh and aldosterone
Inversely proportional
31
• ADH deficiency • Increase urine volume • Medicine: anti-diuretics
Diabetes insipidus
32
• ADH excess • Decrease urine volume • Swell body since water is retained in the body
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH Secretion (SIADH)
33
Regulates the flow of blood to and within the glomerulus.
Renin angiotensin aldosterone system
34
Regulation of acid-base balance in the body through secretion of Hydrogen ions
Tubular secretion
35
Failure to produce an acid urine due to inability to secreted H+ ions
Renal tubular acidosis
36
It measures the rate at which the kidneys are able to remove a filterable substance from the blood
GLOMERULAR FILTRATION TEST
37
Earliest glomerular filtration test in existence
Urea
38
Most common (endogenous)
Creatinine
39
Gold standard
Inulin
40
• better marker of renal tubular function than of creatinine • Not reliable for patients with immunologic disorder or malignancy
Beta2 microglobulin (MW: 11,800 Da)
41
• Recommended for pediatric patients, persons with, the elderly, and critically ill patients.
Cystatin C
42
Variables: Age, sex, BW in kg
Estimated GFR Formula by Cockgroft and Gault
43
Variables: Ethnicity, BUN, and Serum creatinine
Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD)
44
Osmoles of solute in particles per kg
Osmolality
45
Density of urine to water
Specific gravity
46
OBSELETE TESTS
Fishberg and Mosenthal
47
Recently used tests
Osmolality and wbc in chem strips
48
TUBULAR SECRETION AND RENAL BLOOD FLOW TEST
PSP AND PAH

AUBF LEC (1 decks)

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