M1: Lesson 1: Geographic, Linguistic, and Ethnic Dimensions of Philippine Literary History from Pre-Colonial to the Contemporary Flashcards
12 Periods of the history of literature
- Pre-spanish
- Spanish
- Period of enlightenment
- American regime
- Japanese period
- Philippine literature in English
- Rebirth of freedom
- Period of activism
- The period of the new society
- Period of the third republic
- Post EDSA 1 revolution
- 21st century
Pre-spanish period
This was used in witchcraft or enchantment especially in
remote places in the Visayas.
Chant/Bulong
Pre-spanish period
These are genres of folklore that consists of a narrative featuring
human actions perceived or believed both by teller and listeners to have
taken place within human history.
Legends
Pre-spanish period
These are made up of stories about life, adventure, love, horror,
and humor where one can derive lessons. An example of this is THE MOON
AND THE SUN.
Folk tales
These are long narrative poems in which a series of heroic
achievements or events, usually of a hero, are dealt with at length.
Epics
These are one of the OLDEST FORMS of Philippine literature that
emerged in the pre-Spanish period. These songs mirrored the early forms
of culture. Many of these have 12 syllables. Examples of which are
Kundiman, Kumintang o Tagumpay, Ang Dalit o Imno, Ang Oyayi o Hele,
Diana, Soliraning and Talindaw.
Folk songs
2 categories of Spanish period
Secular prose and poetry
Religious prose and poetry
Spanish Influences on Philippine Literature
The first Filipino alphabet, called ALIBATA, was replaced by the _________. Also, the teaching of the ______ became the basis of
religious practices. _____ brought here became
assimilated in our songs, corridos, and moro-moros.
Roman
alphabet
Christian Doctrine
European legends and traditions
Spanish period
It manifests the artistic feelings of the Filipinos and shows their innate
appreciation for and love of beauty. The examples are Leron-Leron Sinta,
Pamulinawen, Dandansoy, Sarong Banggi, and Atin Cu Pung Sing-sing.
Folk songs
Spanish period
There were many recreational plays performed by Filipinos during the
Spanish times. Almost all of them were in a ______ such Cenaculo,
Panunuluyan, Salubong, Embayoka, Lagaylay, and Zarzuela.
Poetic form
In the 19th Century, Filipino intellectuals educated in Europe called Ilustrados
began to write about the hitch of colonization.
Period of enlightenment
Period of enlightenment
In the 19th Century, Filipino intellectuals educated in Europe called ____
began to write about the hitch of colonization.
Ilustrados
This movement was spearheaded
mostly by the intellectual middle-class like Jose Rizal, Marcelo del
Pilar; Graciano Lopez Jaena, Antonio Luna, Mariano Ponce, Jose Ma. Panganiban, and Pedro Paterno.
The propaganda movement
Some of Rizal’s writings
Noli Me Tangere, El Filibusterismo, Mi
Último Adios, Sobre La Indolencia De Los Filipinos and Filipinas
Dentro De Cien Aňos.
Some of Del Pilar’s writings
Pagibig sa Tinubuang Lupa (Love of
Country), Kaingat Kayo (Be Careful), and Dasalan at Tocsohan
(Prayers and Jokes).
Some of Jaena’s writings
Ang Fray Botod, La Hija Del Fraile (The
Child of the Friar), Sa mga Filipino, and Everything Is Hambug
(Everything is mere show), Sa Mga Pilipino…1891), and
Talumpating Pagunita Kay Kolumbus (An Oration to
Commemorate Columbus).
Linguistically, Americans influenced Filipino writers to write using the English
language. Jose Garcia Villa became famous for his free verse.
The American regime
American regime
Linguistically, Americans influenced Filipino writers to write using the English
language. _______ became famous for his free verse.
Jose Garcia Villa
American regime
The languages used in writing were _____ and _____ and the ________. But the writers in Tagalog, continued in their
lamentations on the conditions of the country and their attempts to arouse
love for one’s native tongue and the writers in English imitated the themes
and methods of the Americans.
Spanish
Tagalog
dialects of
the different regions
The Japanese period
Philippine Literature was interrupted in its development when another foreign
country, Japan, conquered the Philippines between 1941-1945. Philippine literature
in English came to a halt. This led to all newspapers not to be circulated in the
community except for ____ and ______. The common theme of most poems during the Japanese occupation was
______, ______, ____, and ______, _____, ______, and the ____.
Tribune
Philippine review
nationalism
country
love
life in the barrios
faith
religion
arts
3 types of poems emerged during Japanese period
Haiku
Tanaga
Karaniwang anyo
a poem of free verse that the Japanese like. It was made up of 17
syllables divided into three lines
Haiku
like the Haiku, is short, but it has measure and rhyme.
Tanaga
Themes in Philippine literature in English
- Japanese brutalities
- Poverty under the Japanese government
- Brave guerilla exploits
Literary writing in vernacular became popular.
Rebirth of freedom
The early post – liberation period was marked by a kind of “struggle of mind and
spirit” posed by the sudden emancipation from the enemy, and the wild desire to see
print. Literary writing in vernacular became popular. The writers had a better
knowledge of their craft and enjoyed political activism.
Rebirth of freedom
According to Pociano Pineda, youth activism in 1970-72 was due to domestic and
worldwide causes. Because of the ills of society, the youth moved to seek reforms.
The youth became vocal with their sentiments. They demanded a change in
the government. It was manifested in the bloody demonstrations and the
sidewalk expressions and also in literature.
Period of activism
The period of the New Society started on September 21, 1972. The Carlos Palanca
Awards continued to give annual awards. Poems dealt with patience, regard for
native culture, customs, and the beauties of nature and surroundings. Newspapers
donned new forms.
News on economic progress, discipline, culture, tourism, and the like were favored
more than the sensationalized reporting of killings, rape, and robberies. Filipinos
before were hooked on reading magazines and comics.
Period of the New society
The period of the New Society started on ________. The Carlos Palanca
Awards continued to give annual awards. Poems dealt with patience, regard for
native culture, customs, and the beauties of nature and surroundings. Newspapers
donned new forms.
News on economic progress, discipline, culture, tourism, and the like were favored
more than the sensationalized reporting of killings, rape, and robberies. Filipinos
before were hooked on reading magazines and comics.
September 21, 1972
Poems are romantic and revolutionary.
Period of the third republic
Many Filipino songs dealt with themes that weretrue-
to-life like those of grief, poverty, aspirations for freedom, love of God, of country and
fellowmen
Period of the third republic
History took another twist. Once more, the Filipino people regained their
independence, which they lost twenty years ago. In four days from ______, the so-called People Power (Lakas ng Bayan) prevailed. In the short span of
the existence of the real Republic of the Philippines, several changes already became
evident. It was noticed in the new Filipino songs, newspapers, speeches, and even in
the television programs. The now crony newspapers that enjoyed an overnight
increase in circulation were ____, ______, and the _______.
February 21-25,
1986
THE INQUIRER
MALAYA
PEOPLE’S JOURNAL
The new trends have been used and introduced to meet the needs and tastes of the
new generation. _______ learners are demanded to be Information and
Communication Technology (ICT) inclined to compete with the style and format of
writing as well. New codes or lingos are used to add flavor in the literary pieces
produced nowadays.
21st century period
Pre-Spanish Literature is characterized by ____, ______, ______, and
_______.
Legends, Folk Tales, The Epic Age, Folk Songs
Americans influenced Filipino writers to write using the
English language. English as a medium of instruction was introduced in the
schools as the intellectual language of education.
American regime
Philippine Literature was interrupted in its development during the ______
except for poetry to which the common themes were nationalism, country, love, and
life in the barrios, faith, religion, and the arts.
Japanese Period
Campus newspapers were written to show their protest.
They held pens and wrote on placards in red paint the equivalent of the word
MAKIBAKA (To dare!).
Period of activism
Poems dealt with patience, regard for native culture,
customs, and the beauties of nature and surroundings.
Period of the new society
______ noticed in the new Filipino songs, in the newspapers, in the speeches,
and even in the television programs.
Post EDSA I
Most famous Ilokano folk song
Pamulinawen
English as a medium of instruction was introduced in the schools as the intellectual language of education.
American regime
When I See A Barong-Barong by ____
Maximo Ramos
Plighted Word by ______
Scent of Apples by _____
Cadaver by _______
They Called It “Brotherhood” by _____
Kwento Ni Mabuti by _____
Narciso G. Reyes
Bienvenido Santos
Alberto S. Florentino
Maximo V. Soliven
Genoveva Edroza
Date
1. Pre-spanish (N/A)
2. Spanish
3. Period of enlightenment
4. American regime
5. Japanese period
6. Philippine literature in English
7. Rebirth of freedom
8. Period of activism
9. The period of the new society
10. Period of the third republic
11. Post EDSA 1 revolution
12. 21st century
The propaganda movement
1521-1871
1872 - 1898
1898-1944
1941-1945
1941-1945
1946-1970
1970-1972
1972-1980
1981 - 1985
1986-1999
