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IAPP - AIGP > M1 - Lesson 1: Core concepts of AI > Flashcards

M1 - Lesson 1: Core concepts of AI Flashcards

1
Q

What is artificial intelligence?

A

Machines performing tasks that normally require human intelligence

Commonly referred to as AI

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2
Q

Who proposed a test to determine machine intelligence in the 1950s?

A

Alan Turing

Turing developed the Turing Test to assess if a machine can produce humanlike responses.

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3
Q

What are the hallmarks of human intelligence?

A
  • Ability to think creatively
  • Consider various possibilities
  • Keep a goal in mind while making short-term decisions

These traits differentiate human intelligence from machine intelligence.

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4
Q

What are the common elements in definitions of artificial intelligence?

A
  • Technology
  • Autonomy
  • Human involvement
  • Output

These elements help clarify what constitutes AI.

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5
Q

Define technology in the context of artificial intelligence.

A

Use of technology and specified objectives for the technology to achieve

Technology is crucial for AI to function effectively.

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6
Q

What does autonomy refer to in artificial intelligence?

A

Level of autonomy by the technology to achieve defined objectives

Autonomy indicates how independently a machine can operate.

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7
Q

What role does human involvement play in artificial intelligence?

A

Need for human input to train the technology and identify objectives for it to follow

Human oversight is essential for effective AI development.

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8
Q

What is the expected output of artificial intelligence technology?

A
  • Performing tasks
  • Solving problems
  • Producing content

The output is a direct measure of AI’s effectiveness.

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9
Q

True or False: A machine is considered intelligent if it can produce responses that fool a human interviewer.

A

True

This is the essence of the Turing Test.

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: A branch of computer science concerned with creating technology to do things that normally require _______.

A

[human intelligence]

This defines the primary focus of artificial intelligence.

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11
Q

What is the process of training machines to display AI behavior called?

A

Machine learning

Machine learning is a key component in the development of artificial intelligence systems.

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12
Q

What are the three main types of machine learning?

A
  • Supervised learning
  • Unsupervised learning
  • Reinforcement learning

Each type has distinct methods and applications in AI.

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13
Q

What is supervised learning?

A

A type of machine learning using labeled data to classify or group information

Common applications include text recognition and email spam detection.

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14
Q

Give an example of supervised learning.

A

Email filtering using a labeled dataset of spam and legitimate emails

The algorithm learns to identify patterns to predict future emails.

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15
Q

What is unsupervised learning?

A

A type of machine learning using unlabeled data for pattern detection

It is often used to identify outliers or anomalies in datasets.

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16
Q

Give an example of unsupervised learning.

A

Reviewing banking transactions for fraudulent behavior

The system looks for patterns or anomalies without predefined labels.

17
Q

What is reinforcement learning?

A

A type of machine learning where an AI system is rewarded for good performance and penalized for poor performance

It focuses on maximizing rewards over time.

18
Q

Give an example of reinforcement learning.

A

Self-driving cars that receive rewards for staying on the road

The system learns to improve its performance through trial and error.

19
Q

In supervised learning, data is _______.

A

labeled

This allows the AI system to learn from specific examples.

20
Q

In unsupervised learning, data is _______.

A

unlabeled

The system must identify patterns without direct guidance.

21
Q

In reinforcement learning, the AI system learns to _______.

A

maximize rewards

The learning process involves receiving feedback based on actions taken.

22
Q

What is the relationship between AI and society?

A

AI influences society and society influences AI.

23
Q

What is AI considered as?

A

AI is considered a socio-technical system.

24
Q

Who are relevant stakeholders to consider when working with AI?

A
  • Individuals from social sciences (e.g., anthropologists, sociologists)
  • Individuals who develop and implement AI systems.
25
Q

What are the risks associated with AI?

A

AI systems are implemented in vast, complex environments.

26
Q

Why may AI models need to be changed or upgraded?

A

The data used in AI will change over time.

27
Q

Fill in the blank: AI is a _______ system.

A

[socio-technical]

28
Q

True or False: The relationship between AI and society is one-sided.

A

False

29
Q

What must be done to reflect changes in the environment when using AI?

A

The model may need to be changed, upgraded, or both.

30
Q

What are the five dimensions used to classify AI systems?

A
  • People and planet
  • Economic context
  • Data and input
  • AI model
  • Tasks and output

These dimensions help in understanding the various aspects and implications of AI systems.

31
Q

What does the ‘People and planet’ dimension focus on?

A

Identifying individuals and groups affected by the AI system, including human rights, environment, and society.

Privacy is also a significant consideration in this dimension.

32
Q

How is the ‘Economic context’ dimension characterized?

A
  • Sector of operation (e.g., financial, healthcare, education)
  • Business function or model
  • Necessity of the AI system
  • Deployment impact
  • Scale of the system
  • Technological maturity

Technological maturity indicates how tested the AI system is based on historical data.

33
Q

What factors are considered under the ‘Data and input’ dimension?

A
  • Type of data used
  • Expert input codified into rules
  • Data collection method (machine or human)
  • Structure of the data
  • Data format

Expert input refers to human knowledge incorporated into the AI model.

34
Q

What does the ‘AI model’ dimension discuss?

A

The technical type of the model and how it is built and used.

This dimension addresses the underlying algorithms and methodologies employed in the AI system.

35
Q

What characteristics are included in the ‘Tasks and output’ dimension?

A
  • Tasks performed by AI systems
  • Outputs generated
  • Resulting actions from outputs
  • Evaluation methods for performance

This dimension assesses the effectiveness and efficiency of AI systems in executing their designated tasks.

36
Q

True or False: The OECD helps organizations classify AI systems and examine risks associated with them.

A

True

The OECD provides a framework for understanding the implications of AI systems.

37
Q

Fill in the blank: The ‘Data and input’ dimension includes characteristics such as _______ and data format.

A

type of data used

Understanding the data used is crucial for assessing AI system performance and reliability.

IAPP - AIGP (22 decks)

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