M1 L4

Question 1

list the key properties of enzymes; catalysts, specificity and the ability to be controlled

Answer 1

enzymes are proteins that are highly specific
catalysts accelerate the reaction equilibrium
its regulated through; feedback inhibition, regulatory proteins, covalent mods

Question 2

name the enzyme classification based on the reaction catalyzed

Answer 2

Oxidoreductases; catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions
Transferases; catalyze transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another
Hydrolases; catalyze covalent bond cleavage via the addition of H2O
Lyases; catalyze bond breakage removing a chemical group
Isomerases; catalyzed isomerization (rearrangement) reactions
Ligases; catalyze reactions joining two molecules

Question 3

Describe the transition state theory for enzyme catalysis

Answer 3

a molecular collision that leads to a reaction must pass through an intermediate state called the transition state

Question 4

Describe the features and properties of enzymes, and their active sites that enable them to stabilize the reaction transition state.

Answer 4

enzymes have an active site, a pocket in their tertiary structure that specifically binds the substrate and promotes formation of the Transition State (TS)

Question 5

what are the roles of cofactors?

Answer 5

A cofactor is a non-protein chemical compound or metallic ion that is required for an enzyme’s role as a catalyst. they assist in biochemical transformations

Question 6

Describe the features of the chymotrypsin active site responsible for catalysis and for substrate specificity.

Answer 6

Enzyme tertiary structures can modify animo acid properties so they are optimized for catalysis. Enzyme sites are complementary in shape and chemical properties to bind to a substrate.