M1: Arterial Circulatory Sys Flashcards
describe the tunica intima
inner most layer of a vessel
made of endothelial cells and c-tissue
describe the tunica media
middle layer
made of smooth muscles arranged circularly around the vessel
thickest layer
describe the tunica adventicia
outer layer
made of c-tissue, nerve fibers and vasa vasorum (network of small vessels that supply the walls of vessels)
in contact w/ surrounding tissue
what are the 3 classifications of arteries based on size
arterioles
small and medium arteries
large, elastic arteries
describe arterioles
what controls their resistance levels
the primary point of resistance to blood flow
smooth muscle controls resistance and vessel contraction
describe sm and med. arteries
all arteries except the AO and its largest branches…
they have a well developed smooth muscle layer, and are more elastic and fibrous than arterioles
describe large arteries
includes the AO and its largest branches
larger amounts of elastic fibers and less smooth muscle
the brain is directly supplied by which 4 vessels
2 internal carotids
2 vertebral arteries
which vessels supply the central nervous sys
the great vessels off the AO:
brachiocephalic/innominate
Left CCA
Left subclavian
what are the branches of the innominate artery
right CCA
right subclavian
whats the best way to tel the ECA from the ICA when scanning
ECA has branches extracranially and the ICD doesn’t
when the L CCA branches from the AO arch, which joint does it pass under
L sternoclavicular joint
does the CCA have any branches
no
Anatomically, where does the CCA branch into the ICA and ECA
upper border of the thyroid cartilage
the ICA supplies the majority of which circulation in the brain
anterior circulation
does the ICA have any branches extracranially
no
first branch off the ICA
where does this branch occur
ophthalmic artery, occurs at the carotid siphon
intrecranially, the ICA bifurcates into which vessels
Middle cerebral artery (MCA) and anterior cerebral artery (ACA)
what is the carotid siphon
an intercranial, tortuous area of the cervical ICA that is divided into 3 segments
3 segments on the carotid siphon
inferior to superior:
parasellar - proximal curve
genu - bend
supraclinoid - distal curve
another name for carotid siphon
cavernous ICA
which part of the cavernous ICA does the ophthalmic artery branch from
genu