M1 Flashcards
Definition of Health based on WHO
state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Definition of Health based on Association of Teachers of Preventive Medicine
state characterized by anatomical, physiological, and psychological integrity; ability to perform personally valued family, work, and community roles; ability to deal with physical, biological, psychological, and social stress; a feeling of well-being; and freedom from the risk of disease and untimely death
Definition of Public Health
The science and the art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting physical health and efficiency through organized community efforts for the sanitation of the environment, the control of community infections, the education of the individual in principle of personal hygiene, the organization of medical and nursing services for the early diagnosis and preventive treatment of disease, and the development of the social machinery which will ensure to every individual in the community a standard of living adequate for the maintenance of health
What is public health nutrition
the application of nutrition and public health principles to improve or maintain optimal health of populations and targeted groups through enhancements in programs, systems, policies, and environments
Mission of public health based on Institute of Medicine
fulfill society’s interest in assuring conditions in which people can be healthy
Mission of public health based on WHO
provide maximum benefit for the largest number of people
3 types of prevention
Primary, secondary, tertiary
prevention that is concerned with eliminating risk factors for a disease
intend to prevent the development of disease and the occurrence of injury, and thus, to reduce their incidence in the population
Primary prevention
prevention that focuses on early detection and treatment of disease (subclinical and clinical)
intend to identify the existence of disease early so that treatments that might not be as effective when applied later can be of benefit
secondary prevention
prevention that attempts to eliminate or moderate disability associated with advanced disease
often involves limiting disability that occurs if disease and injury are not effectively treated
tertiary prevention
Public health approach
Surveillance - what is the problem
Risk factor identification - what is the cause
Intervention evaluation - what works
Implementation - how do you do it
Monitoring and evaluation - how is it going
what are the core functions of public health
- assessment
- policy dev
- assurance
diagnostic function, in which a public health agency collects, assembles, analyzes, and makes available information on the health of the population
assessment
use of scientific knowledge to develop a strategic approach to improving the community’s health
policy dev
assuring that the services needed for the protection of public health in the community are available and accessible to everyone
assurance
10 essential services of public health
- monitor health
- diagnose and investigate
- inform, educate and empower
- mobilize community partnership
- develop policies
- enforce laws
- link to/provide care
- assure a competent workforce
- evaluate
- research
which of the 10 essential services is in assessment
- monitor health
- diagnose and investigate
which of the 10 essential services is in policy development
- inform, educate and empower
- mobilize community partnership
- develop policies
which of the 10 essential services is in assurance
- enforce laws
- link to/provide care
- assure a competent workforce
- evaluate
which of the 10 essential services is art of all the core functions of public health?
research
5 determinants of health
physical environment
social environment
genetic inheritance
health behavior
health care
natural and built environments
physical environment
society, community, religion, social network, family, and occupation
social environment
genetic factors which interact with the environment
genetic inheritance
