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M&P > M&P Exam 3 > Flashcards

M&P Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

types of mechanical joining

A

threaded bolts, screws ,rivets, staples

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2
Q

What gasses does gas welding use

A

oxygen and acetylene

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3
Q

what is gas welding

A

metal pieces are melted together or filler is melted to fill in the gap

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4
Q

what is arc welding

A

a welding rod or wire fills in the gap and is created by an electrical arc

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5
Q

what is MIG welding

A

a bare metal wire is fed through a nozzle

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6
Q

what is TIG welding

A

use a tungsten electrode to make an arc, melt the metal, then add filler

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7
Q

what is TIG often used on

A

aluminum and stainless steel

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8
Q

what is plasma arc welding

A

plasma gas is ionized to create an immense amount of heat

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9
Q

what is resistance welding

A

two electrodes hold thin metal sheets together and a current is applied and the resistance causes them to heat up and melt

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10
Q

types of resistance welding

A

seam(edge to edge) and butt(end to end or stud)

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11
Q

what is friction welding

A

rotating and pushing a piece of metal against another to cause enough friction for them to melt together

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12
Q

what welding uses electrons

A

electron beam welding

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13
Q

what welding uses light

A

laser welding

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14
Q

what welding uses sound

A

ultrasonic welding

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15
Q

what is adhesion

A

base metals do not melt

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16
Q

what are fluxes used for

A

to clean the base metal and prevent oxidation

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17
Q

what does brazing use

A

copper base filler

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18
Q

what does soldering use

A

tin, lead, zinc, or silver filler

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19
Q

cohesion processes

A

welding, sealing, cementing/bonding, winding, and 3D printing

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20
Q

hot gas welding

A

oxy/acetylene

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21
Q

hot wire welding

A

electrical resistance

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22
Q

vibration welding

A

friction melting
-linear
-orbital

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23
Q

spin welding

A

round or tubular pieces

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24
Q

induction welding

A

needs a susceptor

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25
Q

ultrasonic welding

A

sound waves

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26
Q

what is sealing used for

A

thin films and sheets

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27
Q

radio frequency sealing

A

radio waves

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28
Q

dielectric sealing

A

high dielectric constant needed

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29
Q

thermal heat sealing

A

like using an iron

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30
Q

what do cementing and bonding use

A

solvents and adhesives

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31
Q

types of adhesives

A

silicone, cyanoacrylates, reactive acrylates, polysulfides, epoxies, rubber based, thermoplastic hot melts

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32
Q

what is filament winding

A

wrapping polymer saturated fibers around a cylindrical mandrel, and produces very strong pieces

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33
Q

what is 3D printing

A

requires focused high energy or a locally controlled chemical reaction, can be additive or subtractive

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34
Q

SLA

A

stereolithography

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35
Q

FD

A

fused deposition

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36
Q

SLS

A

selective laser sintering

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37
Q

EBS

A

electron beam sintering

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38
Q

what are some fabricating wood materials

A

interference fits, mechanical fasteners, adhesives

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39
Q

types of interference fits

A

mortise and tenon, dovetail, t-slots, tongue and groove, dowel joints

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40
Q

advantages of screws

A

-better holding power than nails
-easier to remove for disassembly

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41
Q

advantages of nails

A

-easier to use than screws
-cost les than screws

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42
Q

advantages of nails

A

-easier to use than screws
-cost les than screws

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43
Q

fine threads

A

greater holding power

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44
Q

coarse threads

A

used in softer materials

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45
Q

pilot hole

A

smaller than the screw threads

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46
Q

shank hole

A

larger than the screw threads

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47
Q

hard woods

A

-more likely to crack and split
-need pilot and shank holes

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48
Q

soft woods

A

easy to over drive the screw

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49
Q

types of nails

A

brad, finish, casing, box, common

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50
Q

what are nails made of

A

steal, may be galvanized or coated

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51
Q

how long is a 6 penny nail (6d)

A

2 inches

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52
Q

how long is a 2 penny nail (2d)

A

1 inch

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53
Q

what is a penny

A

it is how nails are classified, the higher the penny, the longer and thicker then nail

54
Q

mechanical adhesion

A

physical bonding

55
Q

chemical adhesion

A

chemical bonding

56
Q

types of wood adhesives

A

hot melt thermoplastic, solvent releasing, thermoset, very high bond tape

57
Q

solvent releasing

A

-water or solvent evaporates
-elastomers never get fully rigid

58
Q

thermoset

A

-weather resistant
-high frequency curing

59
Q

very high bond tape

A

good for bonding dissimilar surfaces

60
Q

direct binding types

A

adhesives, brazing, glass sealing, electrostatic bonding

61
Q

direct bonding types

A

metallizing, hermetic seals, fusion sealing, glass soldering

62
Q

metallizing

A

application of liquid droplets of metal

63
Q

hermetic seals

A

melting pieces together with a flux

64
Q

fusion sealing

A

melting pieces together with metal oxides

65
Q

why do we condition metals

A

altering the internal structure of the metal in order to change the strength, hardness or toughness

66
Q

ferrite

A

-steels up to 0.8% carbon and cooled very slowly

67
Q

cementite

A

more than 2% carbon and cooled slowly

68
Q

pearlite

A

between 0.8% and 2%, a mixture of ferrite and cementite

69
Q

quenching

A

done by salt brine, water, oil, sand or air

70
Q

tempering

A

done by re-heating the part to just below 1341F

71
Q

solution treating at a high temp

A

gets everything into the solution

72
Q

quenching in water

A

holds everything in place

73
Q

age hardenng at low temp

A

allows for some of the other elements to precipitate

74
Q

case hardening

A

-provides for a hard and brittle surface with a softer and tough base metal
-parts can be buried in carbon powder
-parts are heated to about 1700F

75
Q

cyaniding

A

-parts are immersed in a liquid cyanide salt bath
-very toxic

76
Q

nitriding

A

-parts are heated to 900-1000F in a furnace with ammonia
-lowest temp process fore case hardening
-good for thin or intricate parts

77
Q

carbonitriding

A

-parts are heated to 1400-1700F in a furnace with carbon monoxide and ammonia
-better for carburized parts

78
Q

flame hardening

A

-oxygen and acetylene are used to heat the part
-parts are quenched and tempered

79
Q

induction hardening

A

-an electromagnetic field is used to heat the parts
-heats very quickly
-parts are quenched and tempered

80
Q

types of softening processes

A

annealing, normalizing, stress relieving, tempering

81
Q

what is annealing

A

holding the part at a high enough temperature at a long enough time to get an austenitic structure in all areas

82
Q

full annealing

A

cool in furnace to 1341F and then cool in open air

83
Q

soft annealing

A

cool in furnace to 1341F and then cool slowing in furnace to get ferrite formation

84
Q

blue annealing

A

a blue colored oxide will occur when the part is annealed in a reducing atmosphere

85
Q

bright annealing

A

no oxides will form and the parts will stay bright if they are annealed in a vacuum

86
Q

normalizing

A

-heating to above 1341F
-takes less time than full annealing
-air cooled
-gives finer grain structure

87
Q

stress relieving

A

parts with welds and machining can have stresses relieved by heating to 1000-1200F for an hour, followed by air cooling

88
Q

cryogenic conditioning

A

-occurs at -310F
immersed in liquid nitrogen
-increases fatigue resistance and decreases abrasive wear

89
Q

how can plastic materials be altered

A

heating, adding fillers, adding holes

90
Q

heating

A

-to increase polymerization
-to remove stress

91
Q

adding fillers

A

-to improve strength
-to improve conductivity
-to reduce cost

92
Q

adding holes

A

-microspheres
-gas bubbles

93
Q

plastic annealing

A
  • temp. below melting point
    -improves clarity
    -reduces stresses
  • reduces crazing
94
Q

types of radiation processing

A

ionizing radiation and nonionizing radiation

95
Q

ionizing radiation processing

A

-gamma rays
-electron acceleration
-cold sterilization and pasteurization

96
Q

nonionizing radiation processing

A
  • induction heating
    -microwave, infrared, ultraviolet
97
Q

types of plastic additives

A

preservatives, mineral fillers, holes

98
Q

preservatives

A

prevent biological, insect and rodent attack

99
Q

mineral fillers

A

improve strength, stiffness and wear resistance

100
Q

types of mineral fillers

A

calcium carbonate (chalk), magnesium silicate (talc), silicate platelets (mica)

101
Q

types of special purpose fillers

A

iron/aluminum powders, metal/iron oxides, starches

102
Q

iron/aluminum powder

A

make the plastic thermally and electrically conductive

103
Q

metal/iron oxides

A

make the plastic absorb microwaves

104
Q

starches

A

make the plastic biodegradable

105
Q

types of plastic wood composition

A

irradiated, impreg, stabilized wood, compreg, acetylated

106
Q

irradiated

A

-infused with methacrylate in a vacuum
-heated with gamma rays

107
Q

impreg

A

-wood is soaked in water soluble phenol-formaldehyde resin
-dried to improve strength
-resistant to decay, rot , and insects

108
Q

stabilized wood

A

coating, impregnating or injecting a color or chemical

109
Q

compreg

A

-very strong
-like impreg done under pressure

110
Q

acetylated

A

infusing acetic anhydride in a pressure chamber

111
Q

plasticized wood

A

-immersed in liquid or gaseous ammonia
-very pliable bc of the ammonia

112
Q

staypak

A

-wood is compressed and heated without any added resin
-not resistant to water

113
Q

pressure treated wood prcoesses

A

empty cell and full cell

114
Q

empty cell process

A

air pressure is used to force oil base preservatives into the wood

115
Q

full cell process

A

wood is placed in a vacuum chamber and preservatives are infused into the wood

116
Q

calcination

A

-high temp heating (over 2000F)
-removes all water organic materials and salts
-makes ceramic stable and dense

117
Q

firing stages

A

-presintering
-sintering
-cooling

118
Q

vitrification

A

-occurs when the material forms a glassy bond and pores start to close
-measured by pyrometic cones

119
Q

what are pyrometric cones

A

– Pre-made ceramic cones with discreet melting
points
– Cones will slump over when they reach a
specific temperature
– Easy visual indicator of what temperature the
ceramic material has reached

120
Q

transformation toughening

A

-Used to toughen Zirconia
- Prevents crack formation and propagation

121
Q

vapor deposition coating processes

A

-Chemical Vapor Deposition of a thin layer
of material onto the Ceramic Material in a
vacuum

122
Q

sputtering

A

-A target is bombarded with electrons and
atoms of the target material will be
deposited on the work piece
-No heat is necessary or is created

123
Q

doping methods

A

-Used for growing single crystals for
semiconductors
-Crystal Pulling
-Floating Zone Method
-Czochralski Method

124
Q

protection from weathering

A

add carbon black to block out ultraviolet rays from the sun

125
Q

foaming composites

A

blowing agents to create gas bubbles in the matrix

126
Q

steps of surface preparation

A

washing, drying, deburring

127
Q

chemical cleaning

A

pickling and electropolishing

128
Q

natural abrasives

A

emery, silica, garnet, corundum

129
Q

synthetic abrasives

A

silicon carbide and aluminum oxide

130
Q

types of painting

A

powder coating, spray, electrostatic, high volume, low pressure, electro-coating

131
Q

polishing processes

A

tumbling, buffing, ashing, luster buffing, wiping, flame polishing, solvent polishing

132
Q

coating processes

A

dip & spray, tank

M&P (1 decks)

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