M-Exam

Question 1

An XML element can contain?

Answer 1

1. text
2. attributes
3. other elements

Question 2

XML Naming Rules

Answer 2

1. Element names are case-sensitive
2. Element names must start with a letter or underscore
3. Element names cannot start with the letters xml (or XML, or Xml, etc)
4. Element names can contain letters, digits, hyphens, underscores, and periods
5. Element names cannot contain spaces

Question 3

Best XML Naming Practices

Answer 3

Create descriptive names, like this: <person>, <firstname>, <lastname>.</lastname></firstname></person>

Question 4

Best XML Naming Practices

Answer 4

Create short and simple names, like this: <book_title> not like this: <the_title_of_the_book>.</the_title_of_the_book></book_title>

Question 5

Best XML Naming Practices

Answer 5

Avoid “-“. If you name something “first-name”, some software may think you want to subtract “name” from “first”.

Question 6

Best XML Naming Practices

Answer 6

Avoid “.”. If you name something “first.name”, some software may think that “name” is a property of the object “first”.

Question 7

Best XML Naming Practices

Answer 7

Avoid “:”. Colons are reserved for namespaces (more later).

Question 8

Best XML Naming Practices

Answer 8

Non-English letters like éòá are perfectly legal in XML, but watch out for problems if your software doesn’t support them!

Question 9

Naming Conversion Tip

Answer 9

Choose your naming style, and be consistent about it!

XML documents often have a corresponding database. A common practice is to use the naming rules of the database for the XML elements.

Question 10

XML Attributes

Answer 10

Attribute values must always be quoted. Either single or double quotes can be used.

Question 11

Things to consider when using attributes

Answer 11

1. attributes cannot contain multiple values (elements can)
2. attributes cannot contain tree structures (elements can)
3. attributes are not easily expandable (for future changes)

Question 12

provide a method to avoid element name conflicts.

Answer 12

XML Namespace

Question 13

Displaying XML

Answer 13

Raw XML files can be viewed in all major browsers.

Don’t expect XML files to be displayed as HTML pages

Question 14

object can be used to request data from a web server.

Answer 14

XMLHTTPRequest

Question 15

defines the properties and methods for accessing and editing XML.

Answer 15

XML DOM (Document Object Model)

Question 16

All modern browsers have a built-in _______ that can convert text into an XML DOM object.

Answer 16

XML Parser

Question 17

defines a standard for accessing and manipulating documents.

Answer 17

XML DOM

Question 18

defines a standard way for accessing and manipulating HTML documents. It presents an HTML document as a tree-structure.

Answer 18

HTML DOM

Question 19

defines a standard way for accessing and manipulating XML documents. It presents an XML document as a tree-structure.

Answer 19

XML DOM

Question 20

a major element in the XSLT standard.

Answer 20

XPath

Question 21

can be used to navigate through elements and attributes in an XML document.

Answer 21

XPath

Question 22

selects the first book element that is the child of the bookstore element.

Answer 22

/bookstore/book[1]

Question 23

selects the last book element that is the child of the bookstore element.

Answer 23

/bookstore/book[last()]

Question 24

selects the last but one book element that is the child of the bookstore element.

Answer 24

/bookstore/book[last()-1]

Question 25

selects the first two book elements that are children of bookstore element.

Answer 25

/bookstore/book[position()<3]

Question 26

selects all the title elements that have an attribute named lang.

Answer 26

//title[@lang]

Question 27

selects all the title elements that have a "lang" attribute with a value of "en".

Answer 27

//title[@lang = 'en']

Question 28

selects all the book elements of the bookstore element that have a price element with a value greater than 35.00.

Answer 28

/bookstore/book[price>35.00]

Question 29

selects all the title elements of the book elements of the bookstore element that have a price element with a value greater than 35.00.

Answer 29

/bookstore/book[price>35.00]/title

Question 30

is often used for distributing data over the Internet.

Answer 30

XML

Question 31

Important XML Standards

Answer 31

1. XML AJAX 2. XML DOM 3. XML XPath 4. XML XSLT 5. XML XQuery 6. XML DTD 7. XML Schema 8. XML Services

Question 32

was designed to store and transport data

Answer 32

XML

Question 33

was designed to be self-descriptive

Answer 33

XML

Question 34

XML language has no _________?

Answer 34

Predefined Tags

Question 35

XML Simplifies

Answer 35

1. XML simplifies data sharing 2. XML simplifies data transport 3. XML simplifies platform changes 4. XML simplifies data availability

Question 36

XML became a W3C Recommendation as early as in?

Answer 36

February 1998

Question 37

Thousands of XML formats exist, in many different industries, to describe day-to-day data transactions:

Answer 37

Stocks and Shares Financial transactions Medical data Mathematical data Scientific measurements News information Weather services

Question 38

XML documents are formed as?

Answer 38

Element Trees

Question 39

defines the XML version and the character encoding

Answer 39

Prolog

Question 40

XML Syntax Rules

Answer 40

1. XML Tags are Case Sensitive 2. XML Elements Must be Properly Nested 3. XML Attribute Values Must Always be Quoted 4. All XML Elements Must Have a Closing Tag

Question 41

XML does not truncate?

Answer 41

Multiple Whitespaces

Question 42

Empty elements can have __________?

Answer 42

Attributes

Question 43

default encoding for HTML5, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, and SQL

Answer 43

UTF-8

Question 44

designed to contain data related to a specific element.

Answer 44

Attributes

Question 45

is everything from (including) the element's start tag to (including) the element's end tag.

Answer 45

XML Element