M Flashcards
What is Moral Reasoning?
Moral Reasoning refers to the logical process of determining whether an action is right or wrong. It is the study of how people think about right and wrong and how they acquire and apply moral rules. It is a sub-discipline of moral psychology that overlaps with moral philosophy, which is the foundation of descriptive ethics.
When does one typically engage in moral reasoning?
One engages in moral reasoning when faced with a decision over what to do, meaning the actions are yet to occur.
What does moral reasoning involve?
Moral reasoning involves applying critical analysis to specific events to determine what is right or wrong, and what people do in a particular situation. It also involves reasoning about the general principles that make an act right or wrong.
How did Kohlberg define moral reasoning?
Kohlberg defined moral reasoning as judgments about right and wrong. His studies are based on the use of moral dilemmas or hypothetical situations in which people must make a difficult decision.
What is the role of moral values in moral reasoning?
Moral values are those performances that are integral to any moral reasoning process.
What is Ethics?
Ethics reflects the “ought.” It is the art-science that critically evaluates the “is.” It identifies the norms or standards of behaviors that either are or can become the values that are implemented through moral reasoning.
What is the focus of ethics or moral philosophy?
Ethics is usually divided into three major fields: normative ethics, applied ethics, and meta-ethics.
Ethics or moral philosophy is the philosophical study of moral phenomena. It investigates normative questions about what people ought to do or which behavior is morally right. It reflects on human beings and their interaction with nature and with other humans, on freedom, on responsibility, and on justice.
Into how many major fields is ethics usually divided?
Ethics is usually divided into three major fields: normative ethics, applied ethics, and meta-ethics.
What does ethics involve?
Ethics involves the moral principles and values that guide the conduct of individuals.
Across which disciplines does ethics cut?
Ethics cuts across various disciplines ranging from science and technology, law, humanity studies, and management studies.
What does practicing ethics involve?
Practicing ethics involves making decisions, practicing transparency, and demonstrating social responsibility.
Why is ethics crucial in the changing world of business?
Ethics is crucial in the changing world of business because it builds credibility, develops long-term sustainability, and generates trust.
What are the three main types of moral reasoning?
The three main types of moral reasoning are preconventional, conventional, and postconventional reasoning.
What is the preconventional level of moral reasoning?
At the preconventional level, people accept the authority (moral code) of others. Actions that lead to punishment are considered bad, and those that lead to reward are considered good.
What is the conventional level of moral reasoning?
At the conventional level, individuals believe that social rules and expectations determine acceptable and unacceptable behavior. A social system that stresses responsibilities and social order is seen as desirable and influences views of right and wrong.
