Lysosomes & Phagocytosis Flashcards
Which system regulates protein traffic and performs metabolic functions?
Endomembrane system
What does the endomembrane system consist of?
ER, Golgi, Lysosome, Vacuole
What is known as “cell drinking”?
Pinocytosis, contents taken up into endosomes.
What is known as “cell-eating”?
Phagocytosis.
What is the structure of lysosomes?
They are membrane-bound sacs found in the cytosol.
Describe the functions of lysosomes?
Breakdown debris
Destruction of microorganisms that have been phagocytosed
What is inside the lysosomes?
Hydrolytic and acidic enzymes that are able to breakdown organic material.
What keeps the membrane from being broken down by the enzymes?
The membrane is glycosylated to provide a protective coat.
What matures into a lysosome?
A late endosome.
What can lysosomes break down?
Organelles, endosomes, macromolecules, pathogens etc.
What are transport vesicles coated with?
Clathrin
How does phagocytosis work?
The vesicle/particle attaches to the surface of the phagocyte. A phagosome is formed. Lysosome fuses with it and digests the material.
Remaining debris is excreted by exocytosis.
Under which conditions are lysosomes most typically active?
Acidic pH
What organelles acts as carrier to the lysosomes?
Endosomes
Why do lysosomes work best under low pH conditions?
Lysosomes contain acid hydrolases, meaning they work optimally at these conditions.
