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3 Histology > Lymphoid tissue > Flashcards

Lymphoid tissue Flashcards

1
Q

name the cells present

A

redd blood cells
platelets

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2
Q

name this cell

A

neutrophil

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3
Q

name this cell

A

eosinophil

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4
Q

name this cell

A

basophil

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5
Q

name this cell

A

monocyte

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6
Q

name this cell

A

lymphocyte

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7
Q

what results in autoimmune disease?

A

immune system fails to distinguish self from non-self and attacks the body instead

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8
Q

what are the primary lymphoid organs?

A

bone marrow
thymus

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9
Q

what are the secondary lymphoid organs

A

spleen
lymph nodes
lymphatic vessels

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10
Q

what are the 3 types of lymphocyte?

A

B lymphocyte
T lymphocytes
natural killer cells

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11
Q

what do B lymphocytes do?

A

produce antibodies (humoral immunity)

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12
Q

what do T lymphocytes do?

A

participate in cellular immunity. 3 forms
helper T cells stimulate B cells to produce antibodies
cytotoxic T cells kill the pathogen
suppressor T cells regulate the immune response

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13
Q

what do natural killer cells do?

A

kill virus infected cells and tumour cells

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14
Q

name this structure, is it primary or secondary lymphoid organ?

A

thymus
primary

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15
Q

name this structure of the thymus

A

connective tissue capsule

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16
Q

name this structure of the thymus

A

trabeculae

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17
Q

name this structure of the thymus

A

cortex

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18
Q

name this structure of the thymus

A

medulla

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19
Q

what cells are in the cortex of the thymus?

A

epithelial cells, lymphocytes and macrophages

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20
Q

why is the cortex of the thymus darker?

A

lots of densely packed T cells

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21
Q

what cells are in the medulla of the thymus?

A

plasma cells, lymphocytes, epithelial cells

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22
Q

thymus
The ? is a layer of connective tissue that covers the whole thymus, it also goes inside the thymus (?) partially dividing the inner parts into ? lobules (the lobules are all connected - not completely separate). these lobules have an inner ? and outer ?

A

capsule
trabeculae
incomplete
medulla
cortex

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23
Q

immature T cells will leave the blood vessels and enter the ? of the thymus and begin proliferation, maturation and selection processes. those that fail will undergo ? and be ? by ?. T cells that survive then enter the ? where they interact with ? and are presented with ? they then enter blood vessels

A

cortex
apoptosis
phagocytosed
macrophages
medulla
epithelioreticular cells
‘self’ antigens

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24
Q

Hassall’s corpuscles are found where?

A

medulla of thymus

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25
Q

what are Hassall’s corpuscles?

A

whorls of epithelial cells with keratin at their core. thought to induce production of some T cell types

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26
Q

name this structure in the medulla of the thymus

A

Hassall’s corpuscle

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27
Q

what is positive selection in the thymus?

A

in the cortex the developing T cells must express the right surface antigens and be able to recognise self and foreign antigens to survive

28
Q

what is negative selection in the thymus

A

in the medulla maturing T cells that recognise self antigens are eliminated (enter the bloodstream)

29
Q

what is the structure of lymph vessels? 3

A

thin walled
lined by simple squamous endothelium
anchored to the tissue by filaments

30
Q

name this lymphoid organ
is it primary or secondary?

A

lymph node
secondary

31
Q

name the red marked structure of the lymph node

A

cortex

32
Q

name the red marked structure of the lymph node

A

paracortex

33
Q

name the red marked structure of the lymph node

A

medulla

34
Q

name the red marked structure of the lymph node

A

capsule

35
Q

name the red marked structure of the lymph node

A

subcapsular sinus

36
Q

name the red marked structure of the lymph node

A

follicles (nodules)

37
Q

how is the cortex and paracortex distinguished?

A

paracortex doesn’t have follicles (nodules)

38
Q

name this structure in the cortex of a lymph node

A

secondary follicle/nodule

39
Q

in the lymph nodes follicles contain mostly what type of cell?

A

B cells

40
Q

what is the difference between primary and secondary follicles/nodules in the lymph node?

A

primary - inactive, one uniform colour
secondary - active, darker outside and lighter centre

41
Q

what is the darker outer ring called of this follicle/nodule in the lymph node cortex? what happens there?

A

mantle zone
resting B cells

42
Q

what is the inner lighter part called of this fillicle/nodule in the lymph cortex? what happens here?

A

germinal centre
actively dividing B cells

43
Q

what type of cell is most common in the paracortex of lymph nodes?

A

T cells

44
Q

high endothelium venules are found where?

A

Deep cortex of lymph nodes

45
Q

what cells is most common in high endothelium venules HEVs in lymph nodes

A

T cells

46
Q

what occurs at high endothelium venules in lymph nodes?

A

entry of lymphocytes (B and T cells) into lymph nodes

47
Q

the medulla of lymph nodes contains what? 2

A

medullary chords
medullary sinuses

48
Q

name this structure in the medulla of a lymph node

A

medullary chord

49
Q

name this structure in the medulla of a lymph node

A

medullary sinus

50
Q

lymph node
B cells enter the ? of lymph node where they develop. they then mature into ? in the ?. these cells mature into ? in the ?

A

follicle
immunoblasts
paracortex
Plasma cells
medulla

51
Q

what cell gives rise to plasma cell?

A

immunoblast

52
Q

what is the function of a plasma cell?

A

secrete antibodies

53
Q

name this lymphoid organ. is it secondary or primary?

A

GALT - ileum
secondary

54
Q

what does MALT and GALT stand for?

A

mucosa associated lymphatic tissue
gut associated lymphoid tissue

55
Q

what are the 3 functions of the spleen?

A

produce an immune response against blood borne antigens
removal of particulate matter and aged blood cells
production of blood cells during fetal life

56
Q

name this lymphoid organ, is it secondary or primary?

A

spleen
secondary

57
Q

name this structure in the spleen

A

capsule

58
Q

name this structure in the spleen

A

trabeculae

59
Q

name this structure in the spleen

A

white pulp

60
Q

name this structure in the spleen

A

red pulp

61
Q

the white pulp nodules in the spleen are made up of what?

A

B or T cells

62
Q

the red pulp in the spleen is made up of what?

A

blood filled capillaries
sinuses
lots of RBCs

63
Q

some of the white pulp nodules uniformly dense surrounding a small artery shown in the image. what cells are they?

A

T cell region forming periarterial lymphatic sheath PALS

64
Q

Other white pulp nodules have a dark outer mantle zone and inner lighter germinal centre. what type of cell is present here?

A

B cells

65
Q
A

3 Histology (1 decks)

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