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First Aid Immunology > Lymphoid Structures & Lymphocytes > Flashcards

Lymphoid Structures & Lymphocytes Flashcards

1
Q

A secondary lyphoid organ that has many afferents, 1 or more efferents. Encapsulated, with trabeculae.

A

Lymph Node

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2
Q

Site of B cell localization and proliferation

A

Follice

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3
Q

Where do histiocytes reside?

A

Medulla

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4
Q

Houses T cells

A

Paracortex

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5
Q

Not well developed in patients with DiGeorge Syndrome

A

Paracortex

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6
Q

Enlarges in Mononucleosis

A

Paracortex

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7
Q

Head and Neck Drain into what LN cluster?

A

Cervical

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8
Q

Lungs drain into which LN?

A

Hilar

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9
Q

Trachea and Esophagus drain into which LN?

A

Mediastinal

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10
Q

Upper limb, breast, skin above umbilicus drain into which LN?

A

Axillary

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11
Q

Liver, Stomach, Spleen, Pancreas, Upper duodenum drain into whcih LN?

A

Celiac

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12
Q

Lower duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon to splenic flexure drain into which LN?

A

Superior Mesenteric

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13
Q

Colon from splenic flexure to upper rectum which drain into which LN?

A

Internal Iliac

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14
Q

Testes, Ovaries, Kidneys, Uterus drain into which LN?

A

Para-aortic

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15
Q

Anal canal (below pectinate line), skin below umbilicus (except popliteal area) drain into which LN?

A

Superficial Inguinal

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16
Q

Dorsolateral foot adn posterior calf drain into which LN?

A

Popliteal

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17
Q

Right Lymphatic Duct drains…

A

right side of body above diaphragm and heart and lungs

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18
Q

Where does Thoracic Duct drain into?

A

Left Subclavian and internal jugular veins

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19
Q

In the spleen, where are T cells found?

A

Periarterial lymphatic sheath, in white pulp of spleen

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20
Q

In spleen, where are B cells found?

A

In follicles wihtin the white pulp of the spleen

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21
Q

What do you find in the marginal zone of the spleen?

A

APCs and specialized b cells where APCs present blood-borne antigens

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22
Q

Splenic dysfunction will acuse decrease of what immunoglobulin and complement?

A

IgM and C3b

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23
Q

What type of organisms will a patient be more susceptible to post-splenectomy?

A

Encapsulated: S. pneumonia, Hib, N. meningitidis, E. coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella pneumonia, group B strep

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24
Q

Site of T cell differentiation and maturation.

A

Thymus

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25
Q

Which pharyngeal pouch does the thymus come from?

A

3rd

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26
Q

Where are immature T cells found?

A

Cortex of thymus

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27
Q

Where are mature T cells found?

A

Medulla of thymus

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28
Q

Where do you find Hassall corpuscles?

A

Medulla of thymus

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29
Q

Can get resistance to innate immunity by

A

mutations in germline

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30
Q

Can get resistance to adaptive immunity by

A

variation through VDJ recombination during lymphocyte development

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31
Q

Innate immunity response time to pathogens

A

minutes to hours

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32
Q

Adaptive immunity response to pathogens

A

highly specific, refined over time

memory response can be rapid and robust

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33
Q

pattern recognition receptors that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)

A

Toll-like receptors, innate immunity

34
Q

LPS (gram negative bacteria), flagellin (bacteria), ssRNA (viruses) are examples of what?

A

pathogen-associated molecular patterns

35
Q

Chromosome for MHC I and II

A

6

36
Q

HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C are loci associated with which MHC?

A

MHC I

37
Q

Cells MHC I is presented on

A

all nucleated cells

38
Q

What presents endogenously synthesized antigens (viral) ?

A

MHC I

39
Q

What presents exogenously synthesized proteins (bacteria and viral capsids)?

A

MHC II

40
Q

What uses a TAP peptide transporter for antigen loading?

A

MHC I

41
Q

Antigen loaded following a release of invariant chain in an acidified endosome

A

MHC II

42
Q

Beta-2 microglobulin

A

MHC I

43
Q

Loci for this product are HLA-DR, HLA-DP, HLA-DQ

A

MHC II

44
Q

only expressed on APCs

A

MHC II

45
Q

HLA - A3 associated disease

A

hemochromatosis

46
Q

Which HLA subtype is associated with psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, arthritis of inflammatory bowel disease, reactive arthritis (Reiter)?

A

HLA- B27

47
Q

HLA subtype associated with Celiac Disease

A

DQ2/DQ8

48
Q

HLA subtype associated with MS, hay fever, SLE, Goodpasture

A

DR2

49
Q

HLA subtype associated with DM type 1, SLE, Graves disease

A

DR3

50
Q

HLA-DR4 is associated with what diseases?

A

RA and DM type 1

51
Q

HLA-DR5 is associated with what diseases?

A

Pernicious anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency, Hashimoto thyroiditis

52
Q

2 things released from NK cells to induce apoptosis

A

perforin and granzymes

53
Q

Express CD56

A

NK cells

54
Q

IL-2, 12, IFN-beta & alpha enhance activity of what cell?

A

NK cell

55
Q

When are NK cells induced to kill?

A

when exposed to a nonspecific activation signal on target cell and/or to an absence of class I MHC on target cell surface

56
Q

MoA of killing antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

A

NK cell CD16 binds Fc region of bound Ig, activating the NK cell

57
Q

What cell undergoes somatic hypermutation to optimize antigen specificity?

A

B-cell

58
Q

Cell that help B cells make antibody and produce cytokines to activate other cells of immune system

A

CD4+ T cell

59
Q

Kill virus infected cells directly

A

CD8+ T cells

60
Q

Positive selection occurs where?

A

Thymic cortex

61
Q

T cells expressing TCRs capable ot binding surface cell MHC molecules SURVIVE

A

positive selection

62
Q

Negative selection occurs where?

A

Medulla of thymus

63
Q

T cells expressing TCR with high affinity for self-Ags undergo apoptosis

A

Negative Selection

64
Q

Helper t cell secretes IL-12 to actvate what?

A

Th1 cell

65
Q

Helper T cell secretes IL-4 to activate what?

A

Th2 cell

66
Q

Helper T cell secretes TGF-beta + IL-16 to activate what?

A

Th17 cell

67
Q

Helper T cell secretes TGF-beta to activate what cell?

A

T-reg cell

68
Q

Costimulatory signal for naive T cell activation include interaction between

A

B7 and CD28

69
Q

What receptor on the B cell will bind to this ligand on Th cell for CD4+ cell to secrete cytokines?

A

CD40 receptor on B cell binds CD40 ligand

70
Q

Th1 is inhibited by these products from Th2

A

IL-4 and IL-10

71
Q

Th1 secretes what cytokine(s)?

A

IFN-gamma (stimulates macrophages & inactivates Th2)

72
Q

Activates macrophages and cytotoxic T cells

A

Th1

73
Q

Macrophages release ___ to stimulate T cells to differentiate into Th1

A

IL-12

74
Q

Recruits eosinophils for parasite defense and promotoes IgE production by B cells.

A

Th2

75
Q

This cell is inhibited by IFN-gamma

A

Th2

76
Q

Granzyme B

A

serine protease from cytotoxic T cells that activate apoptsis inside target cell

77
Q

Granulysin

A

from cytotoxic T cell, antimicrobial, induces apoptosis

78
Q

Regulatory T cells

A

suppress CD4 and CD8 T cells

79
Q

Cell surface markers for T-reg cell

A

CD3, 4, 25, and TF FOXP3

80
Q

There’s a what in my boot?

A

A snake in my boot!!!

First Aid Immunology (3 decks)

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