Lymphocytes Flashcards
1
Q
How do B-lymphocytes work?
A
- pathogens have antigens on their surfaces
- antigens are recognised as non-human/non-‘self-
- B-lymph clones itself
- B-lymphs produce antibodies which circulate in the plasma
- antibodies combine with antigen and destroy the pathogen
2
Q
What are antigens?
A
Specific protein or carbohydrate molecules
3
Q
What do antibodies do?
A
- cause bacteria cells to burst
- label the pathogen for phagocytosis
- neutralise toxins (using anti-toxins)
4
Q
How do B-lymphocytes work? (general)
A
B-lymphocytes make specific antibodies in response to specific antigens from a particular type of infection
5
Q
Where are T-lymphocytes produced and where do they move?
A
T-lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow and move to the thymus gland then to lymphatic organs
6
Q
What are the types of T-cells?
A
- CD4 cells
- Killer-T cells
- suppressor cells
7
Q
What do CD4 (helper t-cells) do?
A
- start the immune response to infection
- help the B-cells and phagocytes
8
Q
What do killer T-cells do?
A
- kill infected body cells
- destroy cancer cells
- attack transplanted organs
9
Q
What do suppressor T-cells do?
A
- stop the immune response once infection is over
10
Q
What do the phagocytes do?
A
- move around the body searching for foreign cells
- engulf and destroy foreign and cancerous cells by phagocytosis
