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Lymphatics > Lymphatics > Flashcards

Lymphatics Flashcards

1
Q

Roles

A

production of lymphocytes
immune filter
absorbs fats and lipid soluble vitamins
absorbs overflow of fluid from tissues

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2
Q

Primary lymphoid tissues

A

Bone marrow
thymus

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3
Q

secondly lymphoid tissues

A

lymph nodes and lymph vessels - travel to area to do a job
spleen- filters blood
GALT
BALT
SALT
NALT

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4
Q

GALT

A

gut associated lymphoid tissue

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5
Q

BALT

A

bronchi associated lymphoid tissue

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6
Q

SALT

A

skin associated lymphoid tissue

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7
Q

NALT

A

nasal associated lymphoid tissue

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8
Q

lymph formation

A

lymph vessels interlinked with capillary beds
veins selectively permeable
lymph vessels easy entry as endothelial flaps beween endothelial cells
fluid choose pathway of least resistance

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9
Q

tissue drainage

A

fluid containing O2 nad nutrients pumped into capillary bed
most pumped back through veins containing waste products and CO2
Overflow includes leaked plasma proteins, bacteria, cytoplasm, cell debris
this is dumped in lymph vessel- low pressure system containing valves
travels through lymph nodes which immunologically filter it
enters venous system ending in the right lymphatic duct and the thoracic duct

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10
Q

lymphatic trunk

A

convergence of lymphatic vessels

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11
Q

cisterna chyli

A

inferior portion of the thoracic duct swelling

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12
Q

right lymphatic duct

A

drains only right upper portion
runs close to the heart so easily effected

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13
Q

thoracic duct

A

3/4 of the body
everything below the diaphragm and the left side of the body

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14
Q

lymph vessels and arteries

A

usually run alongside each other
pulsatile movement of the arteries moves the lymph along
hindered by gravity

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15
Q

vilus in small intestine

A

in the middle of every vilus is a lymph node called a lacteal
lacteal takes up all dietary fats in chylomicrons
safe transport of fates as chyle (fatty fluid)

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16
Q

immunity

A

all lymphocytes start in the bone marrow as pro lymphocytes (progenitor cells)
stay in the bone marrow- B cells
-antibody mediated responses = cascade reactions
move to the thymus - T cells
-cell mediated responses ( no antibodies, cytokine mediated)

17
Q

lymph node

A

multiple afferent lymph vessels
cortex- outer= b cells, inner=T cells
ones inside immunologically cleaned
passes out medulla and efferent
travels along to next branch of lymph nodes
well vascularised

18
Q

tumour cells

A

not attacked as identified as self
mechanical barrier that can trap tumour cells
however if enter lymph receives lots of vascular supply and is a good growing site for cancer cells

19
Q

spleen

A

where lymph is created
blood cleaned in a sieve like structure which if they cannot pass through broken down by macrophages
infections treated here

20
Q

splenomegaly

A

enlarged spleen (seen at the right iliac fossa)

21
Q

thymus

A

turns to fat as we age - not needed as much due to a developed immune system ( primed Tcells)
can be seen in as a large mass on an paediatrics Xray
lymphocytes from bone marrow migrate to mature to T cells
proliferation of T cells clones to create a pool of lymphocytes

22
Q

involution

A

decreased function with age

23
Q

lymphangitis

A

infection of lymph vessels - tracking of lymph vessels due to irritation

24
Q

lymphadenitis

A

infection of the lymph node - warm and tender to touch but mobile

25
Q

lymphadenopathy

A

enlargement/ disease of the lymph nodes (generic term)

26
Q

lymphoedema

A

collection of lymph fluid - swelling in tissues with interrupted lymph drainage

27
Q

metastatic lymph node

A

stoney, lumpy, painless, possibly mobile
NOT red or hot
progression of cancer is show if it has excited the the lymph node and attached to muscle /tissue and becomes fixed

28
Q

lymph node removal

A

no longer a network of tissues
so fluid accumulation (staged 1-4)
compression stockings - manually massage fluid

29
Q

sentinel nodes

A

cancer in lymph nodes
put a dye into a tracer
wait for the dye to reach sentinel node -probe identifies radioactive hotspot
open up and remove node
node sent to lab to identify cancer if cancer has gone beyond that node allowing for staging

Lymphatics (1 decks)

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