Lymphatic System Flashcards
What is the main function of the Lymphatic System?
Defends the body against pathogens (bacteria, viruses, some protists and fungi)
What are examples of pathogens?
bacteria, viruses, some protists, and fungi
The lymphatic system distinguishes between…
the self and the non-self
Name all of the main structures of the lymphatic system.
lymph, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus, spleen, and bone marrow
Lymph–colorless, watery fluid that travels through the lymphatic system and carries…
lymphocytes
Lymphocytes–protect the body against…
pathogens
Lymph vessels–thin tubes that carry…
lymph
Lymph nodes–small, bean-shaped structures that filter substances in…
the lymph and help fight infection and disease
Spleen, thymus, tonsils, bone marrow–make…
lymphocytes
Nonspecific defense–do no discriminate between…
pathogens (provide protection equally)
Name 4 of the 5 things that provide nonspecific defenses.
skin, mucus, tears, inflammation, fever
Specific defenses protect against…
specific pathogens.
Specific defenses are provided by…
lymphocytes
Primary Immune Response is the first appearance of…
antigen in the body.
It takes __________ weeks for lymphocytes to make antibodies.
2 to 3
Antibodies are…
proteins that target antigens for destruction.
When the body makes antibodies, it also makes _________ cells.
memory
Secondary Immune Response is the second appearance of…
the same antigen.
In the secondary immune response, higher levels of antibodies are formed in a _______ time due to the presence of __________.
shorter; memory cells
Antibiotics are used…
only for bacterial infections.
Name the first antibiotic and who created the first vaccine with this antibiotic.
penicillin; Alexander Flemming
What is the purpose of a vaccine?
It activates the primary immune response and causes the formation of memory cells without causing severe disease symptoms.
What are vaccines typically made from?
They are made from dead/inactive virus or bacteria or their protiens.
Who created the very first vaccine and what was it used for?
Edward Jenner; small pox
