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Honors Biology > Lymphatic System > Flashcards

Lymphatic System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the main function of the Lymphatic System?

A

Defends the body against pathogens (bacteria, viruses, some protists and fungi)

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2
Q

What are examples of pathogens?

A

bacteria, viruses, some protists, and fungi

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3
Q

The lymphatic system distinguishes between…

A

the self and the non-self

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4
Q

Name all of the main structures of the lymphatic system.

A

lymph, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus, spleen, and bone marrow

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5
Q

Lymph–colorless, watery fluid that travels through the lymphatic system and carries…

A

lymphocytes

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6
Q

Lymphocytes–protect the body against…

A

pathogens

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7
Q

Lymph vessels–thin tubes that carry…

A

lymph

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8
Q

Lymph nodes–small, bean-shaped structures that filter substances in…

A

the lymph and help fight infection and disease

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9
Q

Spleen, thymus, tonsils, bone marrow–make…

A

lymphocytes

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10
Q

Nonspecific defense–do no discriminate between…

A

pathogens (provide protection equally)

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11
Q

Name 4 of the 5 things that provide nonspecific defenses.

A

skin, mucus, tears, inflammation, fever

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12
Q

Specific defenses protect against…

A

specific pathogens.

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13
Q

Specific defenses are provided by…

A

lymphocytes

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14
Q

Primary Immune Response is the first appearance of…

A

antigen in the body.

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15
Q

It takes __________ weeks for lymphocytes to make antibodies.

A

2 to 3

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16
Q

Antibodies are…

A

proteins that target antigens for destruction.

17
Q

When the body makes antibodies, it also makes _________ cells.

A

memory

18
Q

Secondary Immune Response is the second appearance of…

A

the same antigen.

19
Q

In the secondary immune response, higher levels of antibodies are formed in a _______ time due to the presence of __________.

A

shorter; memory cells

20
Q

Antibiotics are used…

A

only for bacterial infections.

21
Q

Name the first antibiotic and who created the first vaccine with this antibiotic.

A

penicillin; Alexander Flemming

22
Q

What is the purpose of a vaccine?

A

It activates the primary immune response and causes the formation of memory cells without causing severe disease symptoms.

23
Q

What are vaccines typically made from?

A

They are made from dead/inactive virus or bacteria or their protiens.

24
Q

Who created the very first vaccine and what was it used for?

A

Edward Jenner; small pox

Honors Biology (3 decks)

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