lymphatic drainage study guide Flashcards
Lymphatic Drainage Massage
- a gentle, rhythmic style of massage that mimics the action of the lymphatic system
How does LDM stimulate the immune system?
It helps move stagnant tissue fluid out of tissues and into the lymphatic vessels
LDM works by moving the clients ____ in different directions
skin
Parasympathetic state and the effects on the body
slows heart rate and breathing, relaxes muscles, and allows organs to resume normal functioning
Sympathetic state and the effects on the body
reduces the “fight to flight response” to stress
Describe massage style/ movements of LDM
very light, gentle, and strictly paced (relaxing)
Movements not used for LDM
long strokes, heavy pressure, rapid motions (percussion), or pain/ discomfort
Edema
- Excess fluid that causes swelling
Things that contribute to temporary edema
- too much salt in the diet which causes fluid retention
- consumption of too much fluid
2 types of lymphedema disease
1) Congenital/ primary lymphedema
2) Obstructive/ secondary lymphedema
Causes of primary lymphedema
malformation of blood and/or lymph vessels
Causes of secondary lymphedema
obstruction due to infection, injury, irradiation, or surgery
Symptoms of chronic lymphedema
pain, heat, redness, and more edema
lymph fluid
- consists of water, electrolytes, and proteins
interstitial fluid
- bathes/ nourishes the tissue cells
lymphocytes
- immune cells that are distributed throughout the body
Where do B- cells originate and mature?
in the bones
Which are the helper cells in which produce antibodies?
B- cells help and T-cells produce antibodies
Where do T- cells originate and mature?
bone marrow, but travel to thymus
Flap valves
- little doorways that allow fluid to enter the lymphatic system
function of lymph nodes, nodules, and tonsils
filter lymph and destroy microorganisms that may be dangerous to the body
Afferent vessels
- carry lymph toward the nodes
Efferent vessels
- carry lymph out and towards the lymphatic ducts
Lymphatic ducts (which drains a larger portion of the body)
The right lymphatic duct and the thoracic duct
Organs that contain lymph tissue
lymph nodes, tonsils, the spleen, the thymus, and aggregated lymph nodules
Medulla
- inner part of the lymph node
Immune cells
lymphocytes, monocytes,, macrophages
3 pairs of tonsils
1) Pharyngeal
2) Palatine
3) lingual
Adenoids
- Pharyngeal tonsils that are removed when becoming infected and when obstructing breathing
Largest organ of the lymphatic system
The spleen
Phagocytized
blood cells are broken down into parts
Thymus and its importance
- two- lobed organ that supports the immune system
Describe the flow of lymph though the lymph system
1) Arteries and capillaries
2) Interstitial fluid
3) Initial lymphatics
4) lymph vessels
5) Lymph ducts
6) Veins
Functions of the lymphatic system
- protects agaist infection, maintaines fluid balance, removes waste
Nonspecific immunity
“Innate resistance”
Specific immunity
- “aquired” immune cells produce antibodies
Describe the inflammation process
1) Injury occurs
2) Bacteria enters
3) Damaged cells release chemical signals
4) Heat, redness, swelling, pain increase
5) Bacteria is recognized, attacked, and destroyed
6) Scar tissue is created to rebuild the damaged tissue
7) Increased lymph circulation removes debris and cells from damaged area
What happens during an autoimmune disorder?
When the body becomes confused and the immune system starts to attack self-cells
Active immunity
- Everyday exposure to antigens
Passive immunity
- individuals receive antibodies from another source to protect against infection
What is formed when neutrophil dies?
Pus
Monocytes
- eliminates dead or damaged cells
Macrophages
Clean up dead neutrophilis and other cellular debris (eats on it)
What do basophilis release?
Histamine (promotes inflammation)
What do the chemicals released by eosinophilis do?
Reduce inflammation
Natural killer cells (where are they produced and what is their function)
Produced in red bone marrow, and they recognize and destroy tumor cells
Causes of ordinary edema
-injury, pregnancy, medications, lack of excersize, and menstrual symptoms
Contradictions for LDM
Cancer, kidney/liver/heart disease, infections, blood clots, high blood pressure
Indications for LDM
inflammation, improving circulation, relieving allergies, edema, relieving tension and pain
Client has chronic edema with no cause. What do you do?
Consult a physician to rule out serious health problems before receiving LDM
Massage principles of LDM
More the skin, apple gentle pressure, effect slow movements, more in proper direction, achieve the right
Axillary
- Lymph nodes of upper quadrants/ extremities
Infuinal
lymph nodes of lower quadrants/ extremities
Specific conditions to ask about before performing LDM
heart issues, blood pressure, blood clot, phlebitis, varicose veins, liver disease, kidney disease, organ transplant, cancer, injury, asthma, pregnancy, diabetes, allergies, edema, and infection/illness
What to do when a client will not give health information
Tell them it can cause physiological changes in the body and heat that massage can adversely affect some conditions
