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MLA 2021 > Lymphatic and Immune Systems > Flashcards

Lymphatic and Immune Systems Flashcards

1
Q

T-Cells

A

Coordinate immune defenses and kill infected cells on contact.

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2
Q

Complement Cell

A

Complex proteins that normally circulate in the blood in an inactive form but are activated by contact with an antigen.

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3
Q

Spleen

A

Has major hemolytic function. Is a sac-like mass of lymphoid tissue located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen.

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4
Q

Lymphocytes

A

White blood cells that specialize so they can attack specific antigens.

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5
Q

Macrophage

A

A cell that protects the body by eating other cells

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6
Q

Adenoids

A

Also known as nasopharyngeal tonsils. Located in the nasopharynx

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7
Q

Antibodies

A

Chemical substances that are capable of inhibiting growth or killing pathogenic microorganisms in humans.

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8
Q

Lymph Nodes

A

Act as filters to harmful substances as lymph flows through the node.

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9
Q

Cervical Lymph Nodes

A

Lymph nodes located along the sides of the neck.

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10
Q

Vermiform Appendix

A

Lymphatic tissue that hangs from the lower part of the cecum

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11
Q

Intact Skin

A

A physical barrier that prevents invading organisms from entering the body.

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12
Q

Phagocytosis

A

The process by which phagocytes eat and destroy substances.

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13
Q

Viral Infection

A

Small infectious agents that only live by invading other cells (some examples are influenza, infectious mononucleosis, and measles).

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14
Q

Splenomegaly

A

Abnormal Enlargement of the spleen

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15
Q

Splenomegaly

A

Abnormal enlargement of the spleen

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16
Q

Crohn’s Disease

A

An autoimmune disorder that attacks the digestive system.

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17
Q

Lymphadenopathy

A

Any disease process involving enlargement of the lymph nodes

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18
Q

Allergen

A

An antigen capable of inducing an allergic response.

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19
Q

Immunodeficiency Disorder

A

Occurs when one or more parts of the immune system are missing or not functioning properly.

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20
Q

Histamine

A

A substance produced by the body that causes the itching, sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes of an allergic reaction.

21
Q

Sarcoma

A

A malignant neoplasm of connective tissue

22
Q

Lymphangioma

A

A benign tumor made up of abnormal lymphatic vessels.

23
Q

Lymphoma

A

Any malignancy that develops in the lymphatic system

24
Q

Carcinoma

A

Malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue

25
Q

Carcinoma in Situ

A

A malignant tumor in its original position. That has not yet disturbed or invaded the surrounding tissue.

26
Q

Hodgkin’s Disease

A

Is a cancer of the immune system, distinguished by the presence of large cancerous lymphocytes known as Reed-Sternberg cells. Also known as Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

27
Q

Metastasis

A

A new cancer site caused by the spreading process.

28
Q

Breast Cancer

A

A carcinoma that develops from the cells of the breast

29
Q

Stage 0

A

Cancer cells are found in only one location, such as ductal carcinoma in situ.

30
Q

Stage 1

A

Cancer cells have moved beyond the duct but have not reached outside the breast.

31
Q

Stage 2

A

Cancer is no longer than 2cm, but has spread to the axillary lymph nodes

32
Q

Stage 3

A

Cancer has spread to the cervical (neck) lymph nodes and/or tissue surrounding the breast, such as chest wall or skin.

33
Q

Stage 4

A

Cancer has spread to other organs, most commonly brain, lungs, liver or bones. Also known as invasive or metastatic cancer.

34
Q

Streptococci

A

Bacteria that form chains.

35
Q

Staphylococci

A

Bacteria that form irregular clusters

36
Q

Spirochetes

A

Spiral shaped bacteria with flexible walls

37
Q

Rickettsia

A

Small bacteria that live in fleas and ticks. Causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever.

38
Q

Bacilli

A

Rod-shaped spore forming bacteria

39
Q

West Nile

A

Causes flu-like symptoms. Carried by birds, and transmitted to humans by mosquito or tick bites. If untreated, inflammation can spread to the spinal cord and brain.

40
Q

Varicella

A

Commonly known as chickenpox

41
Q

Antiangiogenesis

A

Treatment that cuts off blood supply to a tumor.

42
Q

Brachytherapy

A

Treatment with the use of radioactive materials implanted into the tissues.

43
Q

Mastectomy

A

Surgical removal of the entire breast and nipple.

44
Q

Western Blot

A

A blood test used to confirm an HIV diagnosis.

45
Q

Needle Breast Biopsy

A

A technique in which an X-ray guided needle is used to remove small samples of tissue from the breast.

46
Q

Bactericide

A

A medication that causes death of bacteria

47
Q

Antibiotics

A

Medications capable of inhibiting growth or killing pathogenic bacterial organisms.

48
Q

Metastasize

A

Process by which cancer spreads.

MLA 2021 (5 decks)

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