Lymphadenopathy Pharm + Antibiotic review Flashcards
What are the treatments for Yersinia pestis?
Gentamycin, Doxycycline, or Fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, ect).
Is Doxycycline bactericidal or static?
Tetracyclines are bacteristatic.
Does Doxycycline need renal monitoring?
No
What are the indications of fluoroquinolones?
They have good gram negative coverage (with the exception of Pseudomonas) and newer FQ’s have improved gram positive coverage. They also cover the atypicals (Legionella, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma).
What are the indications for Doxycycline?
Some gram + and gram - aerobes and anaerobes as well as the atypicals.
What are the indications for aminoglycosides?
Broad gram + and - coverage but no anaerobe coverage. Particularity used for severe gram - infections such as Pseudomonas.
What is the post-exposure prophylaxis for Anthrax?
Ciprofloxacin or Doxycycline or Amoxicillin
What is the treatment for active Anthrax disease?
Ciprofloxacin plus Clindamycin
What is the indications of Amoxicillin?
Gram + (like most beta lactams) with extended coverage for gram - and anaerobes. Usually comes in combination with a beta-lactamase inhibitor.
What are the indications for clindamycin? (remember this is not a macrolide).
Covers gram + aerobes and anaerobes as well as gram - anaerobes but not gram - aerobes. A major cause of C. difficile infection.
What are the treatments for Bartonella henselae?
Azithromycin if just lymphadenopathy or doxycycline plus rifampin if retinitis.
What are the indications of azithromycin? (a macrolide)
Atypicals, as well as good coverage of S. pneumoniae, M. catarrhalis, and H. influenzae.
What is the mechanism of action for rifampin?
It blocks the bacterial RNA polymerase.
What is the treatment of choice for tularemia?
Gentamycin. Can also use doxycycline and rifampin too.
What is the drug of choice for Onchocerciasis? (river blindness)
Ivermectin (contraindicated in pregnancy and breast-feeding).
