Lymph nodes Flashcards
Where is the parotid lymph node located?
Caudal to TMJ, partially covered by the parotid gland.
What areas does the parotid lymph node receive afferent lymph vessels from?
- Skin of the caudal half of the bridge of the nose
- Forehead
- Eyelids
- Rostral half of the dorsal aspect of the head
- Area of the zygomatic arch
- M. masseter
- Skin of the ear
What does the parotid lymph node drain?
- Temporomandibular joint
- Various head bones (nasal, frontal, parietal, zygomatic, temporal, mandible)
- Various muscles of the head (M. zygomaticus, M. temporalis, M. masseter)
- Outer nose
- Outer ear
- Parotid gland
- Eyelids, lacrimal caruncle, lacrimal gland
Where is the mandibular lymph node located?
Caudolaterally to the angular process of the mandible.
What divides the mandibular lymph node into dorsal and ventral groups?
External maxillary vein.
What areas does the mandibular lymph node receive afferent lymph vessels from?
- Outer nose
- Lips
- Bridge and lateral region of the nose
- Cheek
- Intermandibular region
- M. masseter
- Forehead
- Zygomatic arch
- Eyelid
- Parotid region
- Cranial half of the front neck region
What does the efferent vessels of the mandibular lymph node drain into?
- Medial retropharyngeal lymph node
- Lateral retropharyngeal lymph node
True or False: The efferent vessels from the mandibular lymph nodes usually drain to the retropharyngeal lymph nodes on the same side.
False
What are the components of the retropharyngeal lymph node?
- Medial retropharyngeal lymph node
- Lateral retropharyngeal lymph node
What afferent lymph vessels does the medial retropharyngeal lymph node receive?
- Skin of the pinna
- M. omotransversarius
- Brachiocephalicus
- Sternomastoideus
- Rhomboideus
- Splenius
- Longissimus capitis
- Semispinalis capitis
- Longus colli
- Longus capitis
- Rectus capitis ventralis
- Mm. recti capitis dorsales
- Mm. obliqui capitis
- M. sternohyoideus
- Sternothyroideus
What does the medial retropharyngeal lymph node drain?
- Efferent vessels from the mandibular, parotid, and lateral retropharyngeal lymph nodes.
What is the common name for the superficial cervical lymph centre?
Prescapular lymph nodes.
What areas do the superficial cervical lymph nodes receive afferent lymph vessels from?
- Caudal part of the dorsal head region
- Pinna
- Parotid and neck areas
- Caudal half of the cranial neck region
- Forelimb digits
- Metacarpus
- Carpus
- Forearm
- Lateral side of the upper shoulder
- Upper foreleg region
- Medial side of the humerus region
- Anterior thorax
- Cranial part of the ventral thorax
What does the deep cervical lymph centre consist of?
- Cranial cervical lymph node
- Middle cervical lymph node
- Caudal cervical lymph node
Where is the cranial cervical lymph node located?
On the dorsomedial border of the thyroid gland adjacent to the trachea and common carotid artery.
What does the cranial cervical lymph node receive afferent lymph vessels from?
- Larynx
- Thyroid
- Trachea
- Oesophagus
What do the efferent vessels of the cranial cervical lymph node drain into?
Efferent vessels of the medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes.
Where is the axillary lymph node located?
Enclosed between M. teres major and M. transversus costarum and M. pectoralis profundus.
What does the axillary lymph node drain?
- Skin of the dorsal, lateral, and ventral thoracic and abdominal wall
- Lateral side of the shoulder
- Brachium
- Olecranon
- Antebrachial fascia
- All muscles of the forelimb and their tendons
- M. trapezius
- Brachiocephalicus
- Latissimus dorsi
- Pectoralis profundus
- Mammary gland
Where does the left axillary lymph node drain?
Into the thoracic duct.
What is the location of the popliteal lymph node?
Caudal aspect of the stifle joint between M. biceps femoris and M. semitendinosus.
What does the popliteal lymph node drain?
- Skin of the caudal half of the lateral side of the stifle joint
- Lower leg
- Lateral, flexor, and extensor aspects of the tarsus
- Skin of the metatarsus and hind digits
What do the efferent vessels of the popliteal lymph node drain into?
- Medial iliac lymph node
- Medial sacral lymph node
Where are the medial femoral lymph nodes located?
On the medial side of the thigh, at the distal end of the femoral canal.
What does the medial femoral lymph node receive?
- Skin on the medial side of the stifle joint
- Lower leg
- Foot
- Fascia cruris
- Stifle and tarsal joints
- Tibia
- Tarsal and metatarsal bones
What do the efferent vessels of the medial femoral lymph node drain into?
Medial iliac lymph nodes.
Where are the superficial inguinal lymph nodes located in males?
In the subcutaneous tissue on the dorsolateral edge of the penis.
What do the superficial inguinal lymph nodes drain?
Into medial iliac lymph node and deep inguinal lymph node.
What areas do the superficial inguinal lymph nodes receive vessels from?
- Skin of the ventral half of the abdominal wall
Where are the lymph nodes located in males?
Between the ventral abdominal wall, the mammary tissue, and the skin of the ventral abdominal wall, cranial to the pecten ossis pubis and lateral to the linea alba.
What lymph nodes drain into the medial iliac lymph node?
Skin of the ventral half of the abdominal wall, lymph vessels of the abdominal skin muscles, vulva, clitoris, mammary glands, scrotum, prepuce, penis, and male urethra.
Where are the intercostal lymph nodes found?
In the 5th or 6th intercostal space near the costovertebral joint or directly at the 6th costovertebral joint.
What do the intercostal lymph nodes drain?
Muscles, ribs, scapula, pleura, aorta, thoracic vertebrae, and nervous system.
What is the location of sternal lymph nodes?
Cranial to the M. transversus thoracis, medial to the 2nd costal cartilage or inter-cartilage space.
What structures do sternal lymph nodes receive vessels from?
- Mm. pectorales
- M. serratus ventralis
- Mm. intercostales
- M. transversus costarum
- Abdominal muscles
- Ribs and sternum
- Diaphragm and mediastinum
- Pleura and peritoneum
- Thymus
- Mammary gland
What types of mediastinal lymph nodes are present in cattle?
Cranial, middle, caudal, dorsal, and ventral.
What do bronchial lymph nodes drain?
Thoracic portion of the oesophagus, end of the trachea, bronchi and lungs, mediastinum, diaphragm, heart, aorta, and pulmonary nodes.
Where do pulmonary lymph nodes lie?
On the bronchi before they enter the lungs on the dorsal side.
What do lumbar aortic lymph nodes receive lymph vessels from?
- Lumbar vertebrae
- Lumbar muscles
- M. longissimus dorsi
- Kidney and ureter
- Ovary and uterus
- Testes, epididymis, ductus deferens
- Aorta
- Nervous system
What is the location of medial iliac lymph nodes?
Adjacent to the aorta on the left side and to the caudal vena cava on the right side.
What do hypogastric (internal iliac) lymph nodes drain?
Lymph vessels from the pelvic region and various pelvic organs.
Fill in the blank: The _______ lymph nodes are located in the region of the lumbar spine, on the aorta and caudal vena cava.
lumbar aortic
True or False: The cranial lumbar aortic lymph node receives lymph vessels from the last thoracic vertebrae and last ribs.
True
What do the deep inguinal lymph nodes drain?
Lymph vessels from the pelvic region, base of the tail, and lower limbs.
What are the functions of hepatic lymph nodes?
Drain lymph from the liver.
What do splenic lymph nodes deal with?
Drain lymph from the spleen.
Fill in the blank: The _______ lymph nodes are associated with the stomach.
gastric
What do renal lymph nodes drain?
Lymph from the kidneys.
