LV/RV Normal Measurements

Question 1

MAPSE

Answer 1

> 8mm normal

Question 2

Stroke Volume
Cardiac Output
Cardiac Index (cardiac output indexed)

Answer 2

Stroke Volume 60-120ml

Cardiac Output 4-8 (L/min)

Cardiac Index >2.5(L/min/m2) normal

Question 3

LV dP/dT

Answer 3

Rate of pressure increase during systole

Normal >1200mmHg
Severe <800mmHg

Question 4

Myocardial Performance Index or Tei Index

Answer 4

Includes IVCT IVRT
Affected by preload afterload
Not impacted by geometry

Normal 0.4
Abnormal 0.6-1.0

Question 5

IVRT

Answer 5

Short <60ms
Indicates raise LAP

Long >110ms
Indicates LV disease with normal LAP (restrictive)

Question 6

HOCM gradients

Answer 6

Non obstructive <30mmHg
Latent obstruction after valsava
Resting obstruction >30mmHg

Question 7

Diastolic function

LV dP/dV and dV/dP

Answer 7

dP/dV Change in pressure
(LV stiffness)

dV/dP change in volume
(LV compliance)

Bernoulli Equation
4(V2^2-V1^2) / dT
So e.g. MR time interval 1m/s to 3m/s and MR jet 4ms
4(3^2 - 1^2) / 0.04secs = 800ms